Anterior & Medial Compartments of the Thigh | B2, WK5

Question 1

What separates the lower limb into compartments?

Answer 1

Deep fascia

Question 2

What comprises the fascia lata?

Answer 2

1. iliotibial tract
2. saphenous opening

Question 3

What is the purpose of crural fascia?

Answer 3

Preventing tendons from boflexing

Question 4

What are the superficial veins of the lower limb?

Answer 4

1. Great Saphenous vein
2. Small saphenous vein

Question 5

What causes varicose veins?

Answer 5

Incompetent valves in superficial veins – this allows blood to accumulate yielding enlarged veins

Question 6

What is a saphenous varix?

Answer 6

Dilation of great saphenous vein at the saphenous opening. This causes swelling in the femoral triangle.

Question 7

What vein arises from the medial side of the dorsal venous arch?

Answer 7

Great Saphenous vein

Question 8

What are the tributaries near the termination of the great saphenous vein?

Answer 8

1. superficial epigastric v
2. superficial circumflex iliac v
3. external pudendal v.

Question 9

What vein arises from the lateral side of the dorsal venous arch?

Answer 9

Small saphenous vein

Question 10

What lymphatic structures are within the femoral triangle (medial to femoral v., in the femoral canal)

Answer 10

Deep inguinal nodes

Question 11

T/F: Deep lymph drainage of the lower limb follows tributaries of the small and great saphenous veins

Answer 11

F: Not deep. It is the superficial lymph drainage.

Question 12

Describe the deep gluteal region lymphatics

Answer 12

Lymph from the deep gluteal region will follow the gluteal veins into the pelvis. This then drains into the internal iliac lymph nodes.

Question 13

Describe the dermatomes of the lower limb. Why does it work like that?

Answer 13

Spiral from lateral to medial across the lower limb (b/c the lower limb rotates medially during development)

Question 14

What are the 3 compartments of the thigh?

Answer 14

1. anterior thigh
2. medial thigh
3. Posterior thigh

Question 15

What is the function of the anterior thigh compartment?

Answer 15

Flexion of hip
Extension of knee

Question 16

What is the function of the medial thigh compartment?

Answer 16

Adduction of hip

Question 17

What is the function of the posterior thigh compartment?

Answer 17

Extension of hip
Flexion of knee

Question 18

What is the innervation of the anerior thigh?

Answer 18

Femoral nerve (mostly, 1-2 exceptions)

Question 19

What is the innervation of the medial thigh?

Answer 19

Obturator nerve

Question 20

What is the innervation of the posterior thigh?

Answer 20

Tibial division of sciatic N. [mostly]

Question 21

What muscles make up the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 21

1. Iliopsoas
2. Sartorius
3. Pectineus
4. Quadriceps femoris

Question 22

What two muscles make the iliopsoas?

Answer 22

Iliacus + psoas major

Question 23

What ligament does the iliopsoas pass under to enter the thigh?

Answer 23

Inguinal ligament

Question 24

Where does the iliopsoas insert?

Answer 24

lesser trochanter

Question 25

What is the action of the iliopsoas?

Answer 25

Primary flexor of hip (thigh)

Question 26

What is the innervation of the iliopsoas?

Answer 26

Anterior rami of L1-3 (psoas major) Femoral N. (illiacus)

Question 27

Where does the sartorius originate?

Answer 27

ASIS

Question 28

Where does the sartorius insert?

Answer 28

Medial tibia

Question 29

What is the action of the sartorius?

Answer 29

Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh [NOT PRIMARY FUNCTION] Flexes leg

Question 30

Where does the pectineus originate?

Answer 30

Superior pubic ramus

Question 31

Where does the pectineus insert?

Answer 31

Pectineal line of femur

Question 32

What is the action of the pectineus?

Answer 32

Adducts & flexes thigh, assist in medial rotation

Question 33

What is the innervation of the pectineus?

Answer 33

-Femoral N -Obturator N [dual innervation]

Question 34

What are the 4 heads of the quadriceps femoris?

Answer 34

1. Rectus femoris 2. Vastus lateralis 3. Vastus medialis 4. Vastus intermedius

Question 35

Where does the quadriceps tendon insert?

Answer 35

Base of patella

Question 36

Where does the patellar ligament insert?

Answer 36

tibial tuberosity

Question 37

What muscles make up the medial compartment of the thigh?

Answer 37

1. adductor longus 2. adductor brevis 3. adductor mangus 4. gracilis 5. Obturator externus

Question 38

Where does the adductor longus originate? insert?

Answer 38

O: body of pubis I: Linea aspera of femur (middle 1/3)

Question 39

Where does the adductor brevis originate? insert?

Answer 39

O: body & inferior ramus of pubis I: pectinal line and linea aspera of femur

Question 40

What are the three parts of the adductor magnus?

Answer 40

1. adductor part 2. hamstring part 3. adductor hiatus

Question 41

O & I for adductor part of adductor magnus

Answer 41

O: Ischiopubic ramus I: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, & medial supracondylar line

Question 42

Innervation of adductor part of adductor magnus?

Answer 42

Obturator N

Question 43

O & I for hamstring part of adductor magnus

Answer 43

O: Ischial tubersoity I: Adductor tubercle of femur

Question 44

Innervation of hamstring part of adductor magnus?

Answer 44

Tibial division of sciatic N.

Question 45

What is the function of the adductor hiatus?

Answer 45

Transmits femoral A & V from adductor canal into popliteal fossa

Question 46

Gracilis O, I, & Action

Answer 46

O: Body of pubis I: Meidal tibia A: Adduct thigh, flex leg (rotate medially)

Question 47

Obturator Externus O, I, & Action

Answer 47

O: arises from margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane I: Trochanteric fossa Action: laterally rotates thigh, stabilize hip joint

Question 48

What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

Answer 48

1. Inguinal Ligament 2. Sartorius 3. Adductor Longus

Question 49

What is found in the femoral triangle?

Answer 49

1. femoral n & branches 2. femoral a & branches 3. Femoral v & tributaries 4. Lymphatics NAVL

Question 50

What is the retro-inguinal space?

Answer 50

Passageway between the abdomen and lower limb -divided into two compartments (muscular and vascular compartments)

Question 51

The _____________ _____________ (2 words) is an extension of the transversalis fascia

Answer 51

Femoral Sheath

Question 52

What are the 3 compartments of the femoral sheath? What is found in each compartment?

Answer 52

1. lateral - femoral a 2. intermediate - femoral v 3. medial (femoral canal) - lymphatics

Question 53

What is the term for the superior opening of the femoral canal

Answer 53

Femoral ring

Question 54

Describe a femoral hernia

Answer 54

Herniation of abdominal viscera through femoral ring

Question 55

T/F A femoral hernia occurs above the inguinal ligament

Answer 55

F - this would be a inguinal hernia

Question 56

What does the adductor canal contain?

Answer 56

1. Femoral A 2. Femoral V 3. N. to vastus medialis 4. Saphenous N

Question 57

When the femoral a. passes through the popliteal fossa, what happens?

Answer 57

Name change (femoral a. --> popliteal a.)

Question 58

What are the branches of the deep artery of the thigh?

Answer 58

1. Medial circumflex femoral a 2. Lateral circumflex femoral a 3. Perforating branches (4)

Question 59

What artery supplies proximal muscles in the medial compartment?

Answer 59

Obturator a

Question 60

Femoral a./v. catheterization can provide access to what?

Answer 60

Aorta/IVC/Heart

Question 61

Describe the femoral nerve

Answer 61

L2, 3, 4 -innervates anterior thigh muscles

Question 62

What is the exception to innervation of teh femoral nerve

Answer 62

psoas major and part of pectineus

Question 63

Describe the obturator nerve

Answer 63

L2, 3, 4 Divides into ant/post divisions Innervates medial thigh muscles (NOT hamstring part of adductor magnus)