Anterolateral Leg & Dorsum of Foot | B2, WK5

Question 1

Label A-H [Osteology Review]

Answer 1

A: Head of fibula
B: Neck of Fibula
C: Ant. Border of Tibia
D: Lateral Malleolus
E: Medial Malleolus
F: Opening for ant. tibial vessels (in interosseous memb)
G: Metatarsals (1-5)
H: Tuberosity of 5th metatarsals

Question 2

What is the primary function of the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 2

Dorsiflexion & inversion
Extension of toes

Question 3

What is the innervation of the ant. compartment of the leg?

Answer 3

Depp fibular N.

Question 4

What is the primary function of the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 4

Eversion of foot

Question 5

What is the innervation of the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 5

Sup. fibular N.

Question 6

What is the primary function of the superficial post. compartment of the leg?

Answer 6

Plantarflexion of foot

Question 7

What is the innervation for the posterior compartment of the leg (sup & deep)

Answer 7

Tibial N

Question 8

What is the primary function of the deep post. compartment of the leg

Answer 8

Plantarflexion & inversion
Flexion of toes

Question 9

What are the muscles of the anterior leg? [4]

Answer 9

1. Tibialis anterior
2. Extensor hallucis long
3. Extensor digitorum longus
4. Fibularis tertius

Question 10

Where does the tibialis anterior arise? insert?

Answer 10

Lateral condyle of tibia & interosseous membrane

I: Medial cuneiform & 1st metatarsal

Question 11

What is the action of the tibialis anterior?

Answer 11

Dorsiflexes & inverts the foot

Question 12

Where does the extensor hallucis longus (EHC) arise? insert?

Answer 12

O: anterior fibula & interosseous membrane

I: Distal phalanx fo 1st digit

Question 13

What is the action of EHC?

Answer 13

Extends 1st toe - dorsiflexes foot

Question 14

Where does the Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL) arise? insert?

Answer 14

O: lat. condyle of tibia, medial fibula, & interosseous membrane

I: insert on middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

Question 15

What is the action of the EDL?

Answer 15

Extends lateral 4 digits
Dorsiflexes foot

Question 16

Where does the fibularis tertius arise from? insert?

Answer 16

O: inferior fibula & interosseous membrane

I: dorsum of 5th metatarsal

Question 17

What is the action of the fibularis tertius?

Answer 17

Dorsiflexes foot, assists in eversion (sole faces laterally)

Question 18

What is the function of the extensor retinacula?

Answer 18

It is a thickened band of crural fascia that prevents bowstringing of extensor tendons as they cross the ankle joint.

Question 19

Name and describe the two parts of the extensor retinacula.

Answer 19

1. Superior extensor retinaculum and inferior extensor retinaculum

Sup: sup to ankle jt, attached to distal tibia & fibula

Inf: Y-shaped, attached laterally to calcaneus, attached medially to medial malleolus and medial side of plantar aponeurosis

Question 20

Describe shin splints

Answer 20

Repetitive microtrauma of tibialis ant or tibialis post. causing tears in periosteum

this is a mild compartment syndrome (due to rigidity of deep fascia)

Question 21

What are the two muscles of the lateral leg?

Answer 21

1. Fibularis longus
2. Fibularis brevis

Question 22

Where does the fibularis longus arise? insert?

Answer 22

O: Arises from proximal fibula
I: 1st cuneiform & 1st metatarsal in plantar foot

Question 23

Where does the fibularis brevis arise? insert?

Answer 23

O: middle 1/3 of fibula
I: tuberosity of 5th metatarsal

Question 24

What is an avulsion fracture?

Answer 24

Fracture that occurs after forceful inversion

Question 25

What are the actions of the lateral leg?

Answer 25

Evert foot Weakly plantarflex foot

Question 26

What does the popliteal artery divide into?

Answer 26

anterior and posterior tibial arteries

Question 27

What artery supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 27

Perforating branches of fibular a.

Question 28

What artery supplies anterior compartment and dorsum of foot?

Answer 28

Anterior tibial artery

Question 29

What are the superficial veins of the foot?

Answer 29

Dorsal venous arch Great saphenous v. (from medial side of dorsal vein) small saphenous v. (from lateral side of dorsal vein)

Question 30

What are the muscles of the dorsum of the foot?

Answer 30

1. Extensor hallucis brevis 2. Extensor digitorum brevis

Question 31

What is the common origin for the dorsum of the foot muscles?

Answer 31

Calcaneus

Question 32

What is the blood supply to the dorsal foot?

Answer 32

1. Dorsal pedis a. 2. Lateral tarsal a. 3. Arcuate a. 4. Deep plantar a.

Question 33

What does the deep plantar a. anastomoses with to form deep plantar arch?

Answer 33

Lateral plantar a.

Question 34

Sensory innervation to leg + dorsum of foot: *Saphenous n = *Lateral Sural cutaneous n = *Superficial fibular n = *Deep fibular n = *Sural n =

Answer 34

*Saphenous n = Medial Leg *Lateral Sural cutaneous n = Lateral Superior Leg *Superficial fibular n = Lateral inferior leg and dorsum foot *Deep fibular n = Between 1st two digits *Sural n = Lateral toes and lateral posterior leg

Question 35

What are the three branches of the sciatic nerve (lateral division)

Answer 35

1. Lateral sural cutaneous n 2. Superficial fibular n. 3. Deep fibular n.

Question 36

What does the Superficial fibular n. innervate? what about sensory?

Answer 36

lateral compartment sensory: anteriolateral leg/ankle/foot

Question 37

What does the deep fibular n. innervate? what about sensory:

Answer 37

innervates anterior compartment Sensory: skin between first two digits

Question 38

Gross anatomy review. Label the following.

Answer 38

A: Tibialis Anterior B: Extensor Digitorum Longus C: Extensor Hallucis Longus  D: Superior Extensor Retinacula  E: Inferior Extensor Retinacula  F: Fibularis Tertius

Question 39

Gross anatomy review. Label the following

Answer 39

A: Fibularis Longus B: Fibularis Brevis

Question 40

Label the nerves

Answer 40

A: Lateral Division of Sciatic N B: Superficial fibular N C: Deep fibular N

Question 41

Label the blood supply

Answer 41

A: Popliteal A B: Posterior Tibial A C: Anterior Tibial A D: Fibular A

Question 42

Label the blood supply

Answer 42

A: Dorsal V. - Great Toe B: Dorsal V. - 5th Toe C: Great saphenous vein D: Small saphenous vein