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anterior/medial/lateral Leg Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

psoas major

A
  • merges with the iliacus to form the iliopsoas
  • works with these two to flex the hip
  • innervated by the femoral nerve
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2
Q

anterior thigh muscles

A 
psoas major
iliacus
iliopsoas
sartorius 
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius
**these are all innervated by the femoral nerve
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3
Q

sartorius

A 
-innervated by the femoral nerve
Hip: flexion, abduction & lateral rotation 
Knee: flexion & medial rotation
origin: ASIS
insertion: pes anserine insertion
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4
Q

rectus femoris

A 
is the superficial muscle located on the midline of the thigh
- crosses the hip and the knee joint
-innervated by the femoral nerve
origin: AIIS
Hip: flexion
Knee: extension
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5
Q

vastus lateralis

A

this is located lateral to the rectus femoris
-innervated by the femoral nerve
-this is in the anterior thigh
originates: Greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera
extend the knee

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6
Q

vastus medialis

A
  • this is located medial to the rectus femoris
  • this is in the anterior thigh
  • extends the knee
  • innervated by the femoral nerve
    originates: Linea aspera
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7
Q

vastus intermedius

A

this is deep to the rectus femoris
-this is in the anterior thigh
-innervated by the femoral nerve
extends knee

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8
Q

what muscles make up the quadrecepts

A

rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius

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9
Q

pectineus

A

this is deep to the adductor longus
- has dual innervation from the femoral and obturator nerve
insertion: pectineal line
Adducts, medially rotates, and flexes hip

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10
Q

in what order to the medial thigh muscles insert on the femor

A
  • most superior to inferior
  • pectineus
  • adductor brevis
  • adductor longis
  • adductor magnus
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11
Q

where does the gracilis insert

A

the pes anserine insertion

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12
Q

where do all the medial thigh muscles origninate

A

they all have attachment at the pubis

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13
Q

the lateral thigh consists of what

A
  • tensor fasciae latae

- iliotibial tract

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14
Q

tensor fasciae latae (TFL)

A

this is near the hip portion of the lateral thigh
-this attaches to the iliotibial tract
- this is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve
-when this tenses it makes the IT band tighter
Flexes, abducts and medially rotates hip

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15
Q

iliotibial tract (IT band)

A

this inserts at gerdy’s tubercle on the lateral aspect of the proximal tibia
-this is long piece of connectice tissue

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16
Q

gracilis

A
  • muscle is long and thin, and it inserts at the pes anserine insertion of the proximal medial tibia.
  • this is the most medial
  • this one can be viewed as loose
  • innervated by the obturator nerve

Hip: Adduction, medial rotation
Knee: Flexion, medial rotation

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17
Q

adductor magnus

A
  • large muscle has both hamstring and adductor parts
  • this is just lateral to the gracilis
  • this contains a hiatus that allows the femoral artery to pass from the anterior thigh to the posterior of the lower limb

Adductor part: Adducts, medially rotates, and flexes hip
Hamstring part: extends and laterally rotates hip

origin:
Inferior ramus of pubis
Ischial tuberosity

insertion:
Linea aspera
Adductor tubercle

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18
Q

what nerve innervates the medial compartment

A

-the obturator nerve

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19
Q

adductor longus

A
  • this is in the medial thigh
  • this is just lateral to the gracilis
  • Adducts, medially rotates, and flexes hip
  • inserts on the linea aspera
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20
Q

adductor brevis

A

this is smaller than and deep to the adductor longus

  • this is in the medial thigh
  • Adducts, medially rotates, and flexes hip
    insertion: linea aspera
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21
Q

adductor magnus

A
  • this has a larger muscle body than adductor longus or adductor brevis
  • this muscle is the most deep of the three
  • this is in the medial thigh
  • this contains a hiatus that allows a vessel to pass from the anterior thigh to the posterior of the lower limb
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22
Q

what nerve innervates the lateral thigh muscles

A

the superior gluteal nerve

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23
Q

iliacus

Study These Flashcards
A

this is the muscle that sits within the iliac fossa

  • innervated by the femoral nerve
  • comes together with the psoas major after passing the inguinal ligament to form the ilioposas
  • Hip flexion
24
Q

ilioposas

Study These Flashcards
A

the iliacus and the psoas major come together after passing the inguinal ligament to form this

25
medial meniscus
sits on top of the medial tibia - functions to cushion and act as a shock absorber for the knee - c shaped
26
lateral meniscus
sits on top of the lateral tibia - functions to cushion and act as a shock absorber for the knee - o shaped
27
medial collateral ligament
- attaches to the medial side of the inferior end of the femur and the medial side of the superior tibia - prevents movement of the knee joint in the response to valgus forces
28
lateral collateral ligament
-attaches to the lateral side of the inferior end of the femur and the lateral side of the superior tibia prevents movement of the knee joint in the response to varus forces
29
anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
within the knee joint itself - runs from the inner surface of the lateral femoral condyle, wraps around the PCL, and inserts onto the anterior intercondylar area of the tibia - prevents anterior movement of the tibia on the femur
30
posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
- within the knee joint itself - runs from the inner surface of the medial femoral condyle to the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia - prevents posterior movement of the tibia on the femur
31
valgus forces
- knee bends inward in the coronal plane and opens the medial joint space - when the lateral aspect of the knee is hit
32
varus forces
- would result in the knee bending out laterally in the coronal plane and opening of the lateral joint space.
33
deltoid ligament
this is on the medial side of the ankle | -this is made of several ligaments
34
anterior talofibular ligament
this is the ligament connecting the fibula to the talus bone on the anteriolateral surface -commonly injured with eversion ankle sprains
35
anterior tibiofibular ligament
-this connects the tibia and the fibula at the inferior end
36
calcaneofibular ligament
-this connects the calcaneuous and the fibula
37
tibialis anterior
- this hugs the tibial bone - this originates on the lateral side and then moves more medially while traveling inferiorly - has a long tendon that crosses the medial side of the foot and this contributes to the arch of the foot - this is the primary dorsiflexor of the foot - inverts ankle - innervated by the deep fibular nerve
38
extensor digitorum longus
this is lateral to the tibialis anterior - this branches into many tendons on the dorsal aspect of the foot that extend to digits 2-5 - contributes to dorsiflexion and eversion of the ankle - extends the digits - innervated by the deep fibular nerve
39
extensor hallucis longus
- this is deep to the tibialis anterior - this crosses the ankle and travels to the hallucis (big toe) - you can see this one emerge from between the tibialis anterior and the extensor digitorum longus - this leads to the extension of the big toe - dorsiflexion and inversion of ankle
40
fibularis longus
- partners with the fibularis brevis to evert the foot with a little plantar flexion - this is a long muscle that is on the lateral side with a long skinny tendon that causes the ankle and inserts at the metatarsal of digit 5 - this is part of the lateral compartment - this sends its tendon under the arch on the foot to insert at the base of the first metatarsal - innervated by the superficial fibular nerve
41
fibularis brevis
- this is just deep to the fibularis longus - has a shorter tendon than fibularis longus - works with the fibularis longus to evert the foot with a little plantar flexion - this inserts at the base of the 5th metatarsal on the lateral aspect of the foot - innervated by the superficial fibular nerve
42
fibularis tertius
this is a small muscle that can be seen from behing the fibularis brevis when looking from the anteriolateral side inserts on the fifth digit dorsiflexion and weak eversion
43
what is part of the lateral compartment of the leg
fibularis brevis | fibularis longus
44
extensor digitorum brevis
- this extends digits 2-4 - on the dorsal aspect of the foot - innervated by the deep fibular nerve
45
extensor hallucis brevis
this extends the big toe | innervation: deep fibular nerve
46
posterior talofibular ligament
runs from the fibula to the talus posteriorly
47
quadrecepts tendon
- this is the mergance of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius - this joins the patella and the patella ligament which inserts onto the tibia
48
what muscles insert onto the pes anserine insertion
the sartorius, gracilis, and the semitendinosus
49
what inserts on gerdy's tubercle
the iliotibial tract
50
the anterior part of the leg is innervated by what
the deep fibular nerve
51
what does the sartorius do
- hip flexion, abduction, lateral rotation | - knee flexion and medial rotation
52
the quadrecepts do what to the knee
-they cause extension of the knee
53
the rectus femois causes what in addition to the extension of the knee
- it causes hip flexion
54
where does the rectus femoris originate
AIIS (anterior inferior iliac spine)
55
what do the psoas major and iliacus do
they flex the hib | - they insert on the lesser trochanter

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