Anterior segment of eye

Question 1

ciliary body connects anteriorly to the

Answer 1

iris

Question 2

ciliary body connects posteriorly to

Answer 2

choroid

Question 3

cornea continues as

Answer 3

sclera

Question 4

Ciliary body the iris and the choroid are part of the

Answer 4

Uvea

Question 5

Most inflammation in the eye stems from

Answer 5

Uvea

Question 6

What gives you red eye

Answer 6

anterior segment pathology
infection
inflammation
irritation

Question 7

Rare exception of red eye can be due to

Answer 7

acute angle closure glaucoma

Question 8

Everything in the posterior segment of the eye is

Answer 8

PAINLESS

Question 9

3 EXCEPTIONS to painless vision loss

Answer 9

• optic neuritis
• GCA
  (optic nerve inflammation)

Question 10

overactive meibomian glands can lead to

Answer 10

blepharitis

common in patients with rosacea

Question 11

what can be used in a low dose to treat belpharitis?

Answer 11

Dox or Minocycline

Question 12

If a meibomian gland gets blocked

Answer 12

internal stye vs external

dont need Abx

Question 13

Blocked oil glands if acute it’s called

Answer 13

Hordeolum = stye

Question 14

External oil gland blockage

Answer 14

Hair follicle

Question 15

Internal oil gland blockage

Answer 15

meibomian gland

Question 16

Chronic oil gland blockage can lead to

Answer 16

chalazion

Question 17

Orbital cellulitis is

Answer 17

an emergency - can blind patient

- compartment optic nerve compression

Question 18

4 “NO”s in preseptal compared with orbital cellulitis

Answer 18

1) NO PROPtosis
2) no pain with EOM
3) NO limitation of EOM
4) NO optic disc edema
GLOBE IS WHITE
PERL pupils

Question 19

PERL

Answer 19

pupils equal and reactive to light

Question 20

Bacteria in preseptal vs orbital cellulitis

Answer 20

preseptal - usually from skin - staph, strep pnemo, H flu

orbital - usually from nose- Staph, strp pneumo, Beta hemolytic strep

Question 21

2 bacteria that distinguish preseptal from orbital cellulitis

Answer 21

In pre septal includes H flu

In orbital includes hemolytic strep

Question 22

In spontaneous subconjunctival hemorrhage

Answer 22

NO effect on vision
always self-limited
DONT stop anti-coag therapy

Question 23

2 Key signs of bacterial conjunctivitis

Answer 23

PURULENT discharge

NO preauricular lymph nodeds

Question 24

First thing that should come to mind with HYPERpurulent conjunctivitis

Answer 24

Nisseria gonorrhea -EMERGENCY
- can perforate cornea!
IV ceftriaxone

Question 25

Classic Hx of viral conjunctivitis

Answer 25

starts in one eye, moves to other

Question 26

Signs/symptoms viral conjunctivitis

Answer 26

- pre-auricular lymph node - teary discharge, NO PUS - ITCHY! - pseudomembranes

Question 27

treatment for viral conjunctivitis

Answer 27

symptoms relief, lubrication and cool compress

Question 28

Post-infection with viral conjunctivitis can get

Answer 28

subepithelial infiltrates inside the cornea stroma

Question 29

Allergic conjunctivitis

Answer 29

both eyes seasonal - itchy!

Question 30

Giant papillary conjunctivitis is

Answer 30

in contact lens wearers | -

Question 31

Both allergic and viral conjunctivitis - what type of discharge?

Answer 31

watery

Question 32

Conjunctival reaction in viral vs allergic and bacterial conjunctivitis

Answer 32

In viral it's follicular! others papillary

Question 33

Inflammation of superficial scleral vessels gives you

Answer 33

episcleritis vs scleritis (deep)

Question 34

Scleritis

Answer 34

VERY painful! - diffuse or sectoral - think systemic problem - collagen vascular

Question 35

Distinguish episcleritis from scleritis on exam

Answer 35

phenylephrine blanches vessels in episcleritis, not in scleritis

Question 36

Difference between corneal abrasion vs ulcer

Answer 36

Ulcer - infection - white - blocks view of iris | - ulcer may have hypopyon

Question 37

Corneal abrasion will appear ? on fluorescin exam

Answer 37

clear - it's a scratch

Question 38

Corneal ulcers are common in

Answer 38

contact lens wearers

Question 39

how do you treat corneal abrasion vs ulcer

Answer 39

prophylactic in abrasion | but q1h for ulcers - Fluoroquinilones

Question 40

3 features of corneal ulcers - EMERGENCY

Answer 40

- WHITE opacity - contact lens wearer - possible hypopyon

Question 41

DO NOT ALLOW PATIENTS TO USE

Answer 41

topical anesthetics

Question 42

HSV leading to keratitis

Answer 42

- see a dendrite with end bulbs | treat with topical or oral antiviralss

Question 43

SHOULD NOT prescribe what in HSV infection

Answer 43

STEROIDS!

Question 44

If HSV zoster shows up near tip of nose and eye - how do you treat?

Answer 44

- treat SYSTEMIC antivirals for 1 week - no topical! - REFER if red, painful or blurred vision

Question 45

What do the dendrites look like in Herpes simplex vs zoster

Answer 45

Simplex - dendrites | Zoster- pseudodendrites

Question 46

Iritis can be caused by

Answer 46

Psoriatic Arthritis - AS - Crohn's - idiopathic RA - Sarcoid - syphilis - TB

Question 47

Hypopyon is

Answer 47

a severe form of iritis

Question 48

Iritis can cause

Answer 48

- posterior synechiae - adhere to lens | - glaucoma -

Question 49

A red eye, with pain, photophobia, decreased vision, or limbal redness should

Answer 49

refer

Question 50

Endophthalmitis is

Answer 50

inflammation of every internal layer of the eye inside the sclera - usually infectious!

Question 51

If a patient has a history of ocular surgery, and presents with a hypopyon,

Answer 51

endopthalmitis | -

Question 52

Signs/symptoms of endophalmitis

Answer 52

- SEVERE pain reduced vision Hypopyon Recent eye surgery

Question 53

Treatment of endophalmitis

Answer 53

- Intravitreal Abx - topical +/- IV

Question 54

Headache, nausea, vomiting, red eye, pain, blurred vision: signs of

Answer 54

acute angle closure glaucoma

Question 55

On physical exam, AACG wil present as

Answer 55

Fixed mid-dilated pupil