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Anterior thigh leg foot Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

What is the action rule for the anterior thigh

A

Hip flexion

Knee extension

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2
Q

What is the innervation rule for the anterior thigh

A

femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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3
Q

What is the blood supply to the anterior thigh

A

femoral artery

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4
Q

What are the muscles in the anterior thigh compartment

A 
Rectus femoris
Vastus medialis
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius 
Iliopsoas
Sartorius
Pectineus
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5
Q

What are the action exceptions in the anterior compartment

A

Sartorius (flex hip, extend knee, laterally rotate, abduct)

Pectineus (Adduct hip, flex hip

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6
Q

What are your innervation exceptions in the anterior thigh

A

Pectineus (some obturator)

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7
Q

What forms the quadriceps tendon

A

The distal vastus medialis, lateralis, intermedius, and rectus femoris

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8
Q

What does the quadriceps tendon become

A

the patellar ligament, and inserts on the tibial tuberosity

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9
Q

What is the function of the patella

A

to increase leverage of the quadriceps

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10
Q

Where can bursitis occur in the knee

A 
Prepatellar bursitis (between skin and patella)
Suprapatellar bursitis (deep to quadriceps tendon)
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11
Q

What does your patellar reflex test

A

Integrity of Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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12
Q

What is the origin rule for the medial thigh

A

Pubis

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13
Q

What is the action rule for the medial thigh

A

ADduct hip joint

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14
Q

What is the innervation rule for the medial compartment of the thigh

A

Obturator nerve (L2-L4)

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15
Q

What are the muscles of the medial thigh

A 
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adduco magnus (hamstring and adductor parts)
Gracilis
Obturator externus
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16
Q

What are the action exceptions in the medial thigh

A 
Hamstring of Adductor Magnus (extend hip joint)
Gracilis (weakly adduct, weakly flex/medially rotate knee)
Obturator externus (laterally rotate hip)
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17
Q

What are the innervation exceptions for the medial thigh

A

Hamstring of Adductor Magnus (Tibial nerve)

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18
Q

What is compartment syndrome

A

Swelling in a compartment can compromise blood flow and innervation, leading to ischemia

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19
Q

What are the retinacula of the crural fasci

A 
Flexor retinacula (tibia to calcaneus)
Extensor (two on dorsal foot)
Fibular (two on lateral foot)
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20
Q

What are tendons covered with under retinacula

A

synovial sheaths to reduce friction

BUT, they can become inflamed and painful

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21
Q

What is the action rule for the anterior leg

A

Dorsiflex ankle

Extend toes

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22
Q

What is the innervation rule for the anterior leg

A

Deep fibular nerve (L4-S1)

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23
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior leg

Study These Flashcards
A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibulars tertius

24
Q

What are the action exceptions for the anterior leg

Study These Flashcards
A 
Tibialis anterior (invert the foot, dorsiflex ankle)
Fibularis tertius (evert the foot, dorsiflex ankle)
25
What is significant about Fibularis Tertius
it is absent in 8% of people, or fused with extensor digitorum longus
26
What is the branching of the sciatic nerve
sciatic nerve tibial and common fibular CF (around neck of fibula) to superficial and deep fibular
27
Where do shin splints occur
In the Tibialis anterior- strain caused by repeated microtrauma, leading to inflammation which CAN lead to compartment syndrome
28
What does the Deep fibular nerve innervate
L4-S1 Motor to anterior leg and dorsal foot Sensory to flip flop region
29
What LE nerve is most injured and why
Common fibular nerve, it is vulnerable because of how superficial it is when it winds around the fibula
30
What will injury to the common fibular nerve affect
Anterior compartment of leg and dorsal foot | Lateral compartment of leg
31
What will common fibular injury lead to
Foot drop or foot slap, with compensation as steppage gait. | Due to loss of dorsi flexion and toe extension
32
What is stoppage gait
exaggerated knee and hip flexion to compensate for loss of dorsiflexion of ankle during swing phase
33
What are the muscles of the dorsal foot
Extensor hallucis brevis | Extensor digitorum brevis
34
What is the innervation rule for the dorsal foot
deep fibular nerve
35
What does the Obturator artery supply
Medial and Posterior thigh compartments
36
What is the aberrant obturator artery
in 20% of people, obturator arises from inferior epigastric artery instead of internal iliac artery
37
What does the Femoral artery supply
Anterior thigh compartment and medial thigh compartment
38
What is significant about the femoral artery
You can feel the femoral pulse just inferior to the inguinal ligament. Compressing this location will stop blood flow to the LE
39
What does the femoral artery pass through distally
The adductor hiatus (in adductor magnus) and becomes the popliteal artery
40
What does the deep artery of the thigh supply
Posterior compartment of thigh
41
What does the deep artery of the thigh branch into
``` Lateral circumflex (lateral thigh) Medial circumflex (femoral head and neck) ```
42
What does the anterior tibial artery supply
bases through interosseus membrane to supply anterolateral leg Terminates at ankle
43
What does Dorsals pedis supply
major source of blood to the toes
44
What are the branches of the dorsals pedis
Arcuate artery dorsal metatarsals dorsal digital
45
Where is the dorsals pedis
dorsal foot, just lateral to extensor hallucis longus tendon
46
Where does the dorsal venous arch drain
Medially to great saphenous | Laterally to small saphenous
47
What do deep veins accompany
arteries, and share names
48
Where does the great saphenous drain
into External iliac
49
What are the borders of the femoral triangle
Inguinal ligament Sartorius Adductor longus
50
What are the contents of the femoral triangle
NAVEL | Femoral nerve, artery, vein, Empty, Lymph
51
What is not enclosed in the fascial tube of the femoral triangle
The femoral nerve
52
What is the purpose of the femoral canal
allow expansion of femoral vein when venous return is increased
53
Where does a femoral hernia emerge
In the femoral ring (proximal) Medial to femoral vein Inferior to inguinal ligament
54
Who do femoral hernia occur in more
females
55
Where else can a femoral hernia emerge
the saphenous opening into subcutaneous tissue of thigh
56
What is the difference between femoral hernia and direct inguinal hernias
Femoral hernias emerge inferior to inguinal ligament | Inguinal hernias emerge superior to inguinal ligament

Anatomy (10 decks)

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