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PT&X > anti-adrenergic drugs > Flashcards

anti-adrenergic drugs Flashcards

1
Q

what are the non-selective alpha receptor antagonist drugs?

A

phenoxybenzamine
phentolamine

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2
Q

what are the selective alpha1 receptor antagonist drugs?

A

prazosin
terazosin
doxazosin
alfuzosin
tamsulosin
bunazosin
indoramin
urapidil

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3
Q

what’s a selective alpha2 antagonist drug?

A

yohimbine

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4
Q

what are the first nonselective beta antagonist drugs?

A

nadolol
penbutolol
pindolol
propranolol
timolol
sotalol
levobunolol
metipranolol

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5
Q

what are the second gen beta1 selective antagonist drugs?

A

acebutolol
atenolol
bisoprolol
esmolol
metoprolol

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6
Q

what are the third gen nonselective beta antagonist drugs?

A

carteolol
carvedilol
bucindolol
labetalol

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7
Q

what are the third gen beta1 selective antagonist drugs?

A

betaxolol
celiprolol
nebivolol

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8
Q

what does alpha 1 antagonist do?

A

DECREASE blood pressure by dilating arterioles and veins

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9
Q

what is used to treat BPH?

A

alpha 1 antagonist

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10
Q

what is the primary effect of alpha blockers?

A

blood pressure
smooth muscles

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11
Q

does the airway affected by alpha antagonist?

A

no

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12
Q

what happens to BP when treating with phentolamine?

A

sharp drop in BP because of alpha1 activity
—use to tx hypertension crisis—

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13
Q

what is the downside to phentolamine?

A

because of the quick and sharp drop in BP, the body is unable to maintain balance BP so that blood cannot be delivery to the brain properly because of gravity, most of the blood will stay in the lower part of the body

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14
Q

which receptor is super sensitive to epi?

A

alpha 1

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15
Q

what is phenoxybenzamine used for?

A

nonselective alpha blocker
induces muscle relaxation and blood vessel dilation = decreases BP in patients with pheochromocytoma

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16
Q

what is pheochromocytoma?

A

tumor of chromaffin cells that cause an excess of norepi which result in extremely high BP

17
Q

mechanism and pharmacodynamic of prazosin?

A

selective alpha1 antagonist for management of hypertension

18
Q

mechanism and pharmacodynamic of doxazosin?

A

selective alpha 1 antagonist
decrease size of arteries and cause relaxation of smooth muscles
mitigate sx’s of BPH not a cure

19
Q

mechanism and pharmacodynamic of tamsulosin?

A

selective alpha 1 antagonist
mitigation of BPH

20
Q

mechanism and pharmacodynamic of yohimbine?

A

selective alpha2 antagonist
tx of impotence (not getting an erection)

21
Q

what is the general effect of beta1 blocker on the heart/blood vessels?

A

heart - decrease HR, force of contraction and cardiac output
blood vessels - block vasodilation and induces fall in BP

22
Q

what is the general effect of beta2 blocker on respiratory tract?

A

increases bronchial resistance by blocking dilator beta2 receptors

23
Q

what is the general effect of beta3 blocker on metabolic?

A

blocks adrenergic induced lipolysis and consequent increase plasma free fatty acids levels
induce very LDL and decreases conc of HDL which increase risk of coronary artery disease

24
Q

what is the general effect of beta2 blocker on skeletal muscle?

A

inhibit adrenergically provoked tremor. a peripheral action exerted directly on the muscle fibers thru beta1 receptors

25
Q

what is the general effect of beta blockers on the eyes?

A

reduce secretion of AH

26
Q

what is the general effect of beta blockers on the uterus?

A

relaxes uterus

27
Q

mechanism and pharmacodynamic of Propranolol

A

MSA+
nonselective beta antagonist
tx of hypertension by decreasing cardiac output, arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation
management of stable angina
management in post MI patient because of the low O2 demand from cardiomyocytes
side effect: dry cough due to beta2 blockage

28
Q

what is MSA+?

A

this is when a drug can undesirably block sodium channels
cause undesirable delay in depolarization of ventricle
bad

29
Q

which class of drug has MSA+ effect?

A

first gen non-selective

30
Q

what is ISA+?

A

good
because drug bind to receptors and activate receptor
partial agonist = partial antagonist. this is good because we don’t want to diminish the function of receptors entirely. wants to maintain activity at low level. this also decrease cardiac remodeling

31
Q

mechanism and pharmacodynamic of metoprlol?

A

selectively block beta1 aka beta1 antagonist
MSA+
decrease cardiac excitability, cardiac output, myocardial oxygen demand

32
Q

what is the first line of management for heart failure?

A

beta1 blocker

33
Q

mechanism and pharmacodynamic of betaxolol?

A

competitive 3rd gen beta2 selective antagonist
MSA+ at high dose
tx of hypertension

34
Q

mechanism and pharmacodynamic of nebivolol?

A

reduces blood pressure by decreasing HR and contractility
tx of hypertension

35
Q

mechanism and pharmacodynamic of carteolol?

A

3rd gen nonselective beta blocker
ISA+
decrease BP and production of AH
tx of intraocular hypertension and chronic open-angle glaucoma

PT&X (13 decks)

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