Anti-Fungals Flashcards
(31 cards)
What are included in fungal diseases?
Molds
Yeasts
Mushrooms
__________ & _________ are important animal pathogens
Molds & Yeasts
What are 3 things that Fungi can do?
Invade healthy tissue
Produce harmful toxins (mycotoxins)
Produce allergies via spores
What 2 ways can fungal infections occur?
Topical (most common)
Systemic
What are 2 types of fungal infections?
Ringworm (Trichophyton & Microsporum)
Rainscald = Dermatophilus
Ringworm can affect which species
Cattle
Dog
Cats
Horses
Rainscald affects which species
Horses
What are 2 systemic fungal infections?
Aspergillosis
Blastomycosis
Aspergillosis affects which species and how
Poultry - lung infection
Cattle - absorption
Dogs - nasal infection
What does blastomycosis show as?
Pneumonia in small animals
Which province is blastomycosis prevelant?
Southern Manitoba
What are the 2 main modes of action for anti-fungals?
Inhibit cell wall formation
Disrupt protein synthesis
- IV use only
- Poorly distributed in CNS, bone, eye
- For systemic fungal infections
Amphotericin
What toxicities can occur for amphotericin?
Nephrotoxicity
GI (vomitting)
Anemia
- Use for dermatophytosis (oral)
- Fungistatic
- Liver -> kidney metabolism
Griseofluvin
What are the toxicities of Griseofluvin?
GI Upset
Hepatotoxicity
Photosensitization
Teratogen
Inhibits spermatogenesis
- Oral (not absorbed systemically)
- Topical (often combined with other drugs)
Nystatin
What are the toxicities of Nystatin?
Rare
GI Upset in high doses
- Topical
-Dilute & bathe
Enilconazole or Imaverol
What are the toxicities of Enilconazole?
None. Well tolerated, non-irritating, safe with accidental digestion
What are the 5 types of Imidazoles?
Miconazole
Ketoconazole
Clotrimazole
Intraconazole
Econazole
Topical application, rare toxicity
Miconazole
- Topical = ringworm & yeast
- Oral = systemic infections
Ketoconazole
What are the toxicities of Ketoconazole?
GI upset
Hepatic Toxicity in cats
Teratogenic
Lightening of hair coat w/ chronic administration
