ANTI-MALARIALS

Question 1

ANTI-MALARIALS

Malaria is caused by ____ parasite

Answer 1

Plasmodium

Question 2

ANTI-MALARIALS

Vector of malaria

Answer 2

Female Anopheles Mosquitos

Question 3

ANTI-MALARIALS

40%, very chronic and reinfection of liver cells

Plasmodium species

Answer 3

P. vivax

Question 4

ANTI-MALARIALS

50%, Most common, severe, and infects 65% of the patient’s erythrocytes

Plasmodium species

Answer 4

P. falciparum

Question 5

ANTI-MALARIALS

10%, relapses are common

Plasmodium species

Answer 5

P. malariae

Question 6

ANTI-MALARIALS

Least common

Plasmodium species

Answer 6

P. ovale

Question 7

ANTI-MALARIALS

Zoonotic

Plasmodium species

Answer 7

P. knowlesi

Question 8

CINCHONA ALKALOIDS

Lethal for all Plasmodium schizonts and gametocytes

Answer 8

Quinine Sulfate

Question 9

CINCHONA ALKALOIDS

Quinidine is primarily indicated for ____.

Answer 9

Cardiac Arrhythmia

Question 10

CINCHONA ALKALOIDS

More potent and toxic anti-malarial that is a stereoisomer of quinine

Answer 10

Quinidine

Question 11

CINCHONA ALKALOIDS

For nocturnal leg cramps

Answer 11

Quinine Sulfate

Question 12

CINCHONA ALKALOIDS

Adverse effect of Quinine Sulfate

Answer 12

Abortifacient

Question 13

CINCHONA ALKALOIDS

For malaria caused by chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum strains

Answer 13

Quinine Sulfate

Question 14

CINCHONA ALKALOIDS

Toxic syndrome characterized by tinnitus, headache, nausea, and disturbed vision.

Answer 14

Cinchonism

Question 15

4-AMINOQUINOLINES

Main antimalarial drug used for both prophylaxis and treatment of malaria

Answer 15

Chloroquine

HCl - Parenteral; PO4 - Oral

Question 16

4-AMINOQUINOLINES

Highly protein bound anti-malarial

Answer 16

Hydroxychloroquine

Plaquenil

Question 17

4-AMINOQUINOLINES

Prophylaxis for malaria that is associated with higher incidence of hepatitis and agaranulocytosis

Answer 17

Amodiaquine

Question 18

4-AMINOQUINOLINES

Drug of choice for malarial suppression

Answer 18

Mefloquine

Lariam

Question 19

4-AMINOQUINOLINES

Drug of choice for Erythrocytic falciparum malaria except resistant strains

Answer 19

Chloroquine (Aralene)

HCl - Parenteral; PO4 - Oral

Question 20

8-AMINOQUINOLINES

MOA of primaquine

Answer 20

Disruption of parasites mitochondria

Question 21

8-AMINOQUINOLINES

Drug of choice for acute attack of Plasmodium vivax that has the narrowest spectrum of activity

Answer 21

Primaquine

Question 22

4-AMINOQUINOLINES

A schizonticide that exacerbate mental disorders

Answer 22

Mefloquine

Lariam

Question 23

8-AMINOQUINOLINES

Most effective against malarial parasite in the liver, but not effective against parasites within erythrocytes

Answer 23

Primaquine

Question 24

POLYCYCLIC

Tetracycline that inhibits the pathogen’s protein synthesis

Answer 24

Doxycycline

Question 25

# POLYCYCLIC Drug of choice for Leptospira interrogans

Answer 25

Doxycycline

Question 26

# POLYCYCLIC Prophylaxis for malaria that is containdicated in children and in sunny areas

Answer 26

Doxycycline

Question 27

# POLYCYCLIC Arrest tissue conduction in cardiac muscles

Answer 27

Halofantrine

Question 28

# POLYCYCLIC MOA: Inhibits the formation of B hematin by forming a complex with hemin

Answer 28

Lumefantrine

Question 29

# POLYCYCLIC Most toxic anti-malarial drug

Answer 29

Quinacrine

Question 30

# POLYCYCLIC Also a sclerosing agent and for varicose veins

Answer 30

Quinacrine

Question 31

# POLYCYCLIC An acridine dye which can cause yellow coloration

Answer 31

Quinacrine

Question 32

# POLYCYCLIC Methyl ether derivative of dihydroartemesinin

Answer 32

Artemether

Question 33

# POLYCYCLIC Hemisuccinate derivative of the active metabolite dihydro-artemisin

Answer 33

Artesunate

Question 34

# FIXED COMBINATION Prophylaxis and treatment of chloroquine resistant malaria

Answer 34

Sulfadoxine and Pyrimethamine (Fansidar)

Question 35

# FIXED COMBINATION MOA of Sulfadoxine and Pyrimethamine: Inhibition of ____ biosynthesis and ____

Answer 35

1. Folic acid 2. Dihydrofolate reductase

Question 36

# FIXED COMBINATION Effective against erythrocytic and exo-erythrocytic plasmodium

Answer 36

Atovaquone + Proguanil (Malarone)

Question 37

# FIXED COMBINATION For resistant malaria

Answer 37

Atovaquone + Proguanil (Malarone)

Question 38

# FIXED COMBINATION MOA of Atovaquone + Proguanil (Malarone): ____ inhibition and ____ damage

Answer 38

1. Dihydrofolate reductase 2. Mitochondria

Question 39

# FIXED COMBINATION Proguanil is a prodrug of ____.

Answer 39

Cycloguanil

Question 40

# FIXED COMBINATION Artemether + Lumefantrin interfere with ____ metabolism to disrupt the parasites erythrocytic stage.

Answer 40

Heme

Question 41

# NEW DRUG APPROACHES Isolated from a Streptomyces fermentation broth in 1980

Answer 41

Fosmidomycin

Question 42

# NEW DRUG APPROACHES MOA OF Fosmidomycin: 1. ____ pathway inhibition 2. ____ reductase inhibition

Answer 42

1. Non-mevalonate 2. Glutathione

Question 43

# NEW DRUG APPROACHES Fosmidomycin inhibits the enzyme ____.

Answer 43

DOXP reductoisomerase | 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate