Anti-Microbials Part 2 Flashcards
what is the prophylaxis if patient is at high risk for endocarditis and undergoing surgical or dental procedures?
- amoxicillin
what is the prophylaxis for exposure to gonorrhea?
- ceftriaxone
what is the prophylaxis for history of recurrent UTIs?
- TMP-SMX
what is the prophylaxis to exposure to meningococcal infections?
- ceftriaxone
- ciprofloxacin
- rifampin
what is the prophylaxis for a pregnant woman carrying gruop B strep?
- intrapartum penicillin G
- ampicillin
what is the prophylaxis for prevention of gonococcal conjunctivitis in newborns?
- erythromycin ointment on eyes
what is the prophylaxis for prevention of postsurgical infection due to S. aureus?
- Cefazolin
what is the prophylaxis for strep pharyngitis in child with prior rheumatic fever?
- benzathine penicillin G
- oral penicillin V
what is the prophylaxis for exposure to syphilis?
- benzathine penicillin G
HIV infection for cell count of CD4 < 200 cells/mm3
Pneumocystis pneumonia
prophylaxis for HIV patients with cell count CD4 < 200 cells/mm3
TMP-SMX
HIV infection for cell count of CD4 < 100 cells/mm3
Pneumocystis pneumonia and toxoplasmosis
prophylaxis for HIV patients with cell count CD4 < 100 cells/mm3
TMP-SMX
HIV infection for cell count of CD4 < 50 cells/mm3
Mycobacterium avium complex
prophylaxis for HIV patients with cell count CD4 < 50 cells/mm3
azithromycin or clarithromycin
what are the treatments for MRSA?
- vancomycin
- daptomycin
- linezolid
- tigecycline
- ceftaroline
what are the treatments for VRE?
- linezolid and streptogramins (quinupristin, dalfopristin)
what are the treatments for multidrug resistant P. aeruginosa, multidrug resistant Acinebacter baumannii?
- polymyxins B and E (colistin)
antifungal drugs that disrupt cell membrane integrity
- amphotericin B
- nystatin
antifungal drugs that inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
- flucytosine
antifungal drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis
- echinocandins
- anidulafungin
- caspofungin
- micafungin
antifungal drugs that inhibit lanosterol synthesis
- terbinafine
antifungal drugs that inhibit ergosterol synthesis
- azoles
- clotrimazole
- fluconazole
- itraconazole
- ketoconazole
- miconazole
- voriconazole
amphotericin B–mechanism
- binds ergosterol (unique to fungi)
- forms membrane pores that allow leakage of electrolytes
- “amphotericin “tears” holes in the fungal membrane by forming pores”