Antibacterials

Question 0

Vancomycin

Answer 0

Glycopeptide - B-lactam
is effective against gram positive bacteria
Reserved for penicillin reaistance
MRSA

Question 1

Amoxycillin, flucloxacillin, dicloxacillin, phenoxymethyl are all examples of:

Answer 1

Penicillins
Cell wall synthesis inhibitors
First line choice for many bacterial infections

Question 2

B-lactams

Answer 2

First line choice for many infections
Cell wall synthesis inhibitors

Blocks synthesis of cell wall mucopeptide - bactericidal effect on replicating bacteria

Question 3

Example of a narrow spectrum penicillin

Answer 3

Benzylpenicillin

Flucloxacillin

Question 4

Example of a moderate spectrum penicillin

Answer 4

Amoxicillin

Question 5

Example of a broad spectrum penicillin

Answer 5

Amoxicillin-potassium clauvlanate

Question 6

Example of an extended spectrum penicillin

Answer 6

Piperacillin

Active to pseudomonas

Question 7

Penicillin interactions

Answer 7

Anticoagulants
Combined oral contraceptives
Probenecid
Allopurinol 
Amoxycillin
Fluclox

Question 8

Cephalosporins might be used in what situation

Answer 8

Penicillin allergy

2nd line treatment for infection (soft tissue, bone, joint)

Question 9

Antibacterial protein synthesis inhibitors

Answer 9

Macrolides
Aminoglycosides
Tetracyclines
Lincosamides

Question 10

Macrolides

Answer 10

Erythromycin (main macrolide)
Roxithromycin

Bind to 50s subunit of ribosome blocking peptide chain

Question 11

Drug interactions of macrolide a

Answer 11

Inhibit CYP3A4
Warfarin

(Effect on GIT may lead to interactions)

Question 12

Bacterial DNA synthesis inhibitors

Answer 12

Quinolones/fluroquinolones

Nitroimidazoles

Question 13

Clindamycin is an example of

Answer 13

Lincosamide

Protein synthesis inhibitor

Question 14

Ciprofloxacin is a

Answer 14

DNA synthesis inhibitor

Question 15

Metronidazole is a DNA synthesis inhibitor it’s interactions include

Answer 15

Warfarin
Alcohol
Barbiturates

Question 16

Drugs that affect bacterial folate synthesis & utilisation

Answer 16

Sulfonamides
Trimethroprim
Cotrimoxazole

Question 17

Mupirocin

Answer 17

Bactram
Topical
Bacterial protein synthesis inhibitor

Question 18

Silver sulfadiazine

Answer 18

(Flamazine)
Topical sulphonamide antibiotic with silver
Binds to cell membrane - bactericidal

Question 19

Common bacterial infections in podiatry

Answer 19

Staphylococcus and streptococcus
(Gram positive)
Pseudomonas (gram neg)

Question 20

Purulent exudate is not produced in:

Answer 20

Anaerobic or strep infections

Question 21

Staphylococcus produces what type of purulent exudate

Answer 21

Creamy yellow pus

Question 22

Fruity smell with green pus

Answer 22

Pseudomonas

Question 23

Stain is absorbed in gram positive bacteria

What is an example of a gram positive bacteria

Answer 23

S.Aureurs

Question 24

What does a culture help to determine?

Answer 24

Determining the identification of an organism | Determining if the bacteria is colonised or infected

Question 25

Contaminated colonised bacteria

Answer 25

Bacteria is present but not multiplying. | Steady state of replication but not causing delayed healing

Question 26

Critically colonised bacteria

Answer 26

Bacterial burden in the wound bed is increasing, initiates body's immune response No longer healing as expected

Question 27

Infected bacteria

Answer 27

Bacteria present within the wound is multiplying Associated risk of local and systemic immune response Painful & may increase in size

Question 28

Elevated erythrocytes sedimentation & CRP are

Answer 28

Inflammatory markers

Question 29

What is the effect of high BGL on an infection

Answer 29

Difficult to control & reduced chance of healing

Question 30

Impetigo infecting organism

Answer 30

Staphylococci and/or streptococci

Question 31

Bulbous impetigo

Answer 31

Painless blisters 1-2cm diameter

Question 32

Non-bullous impetigo

Answer 32

Thin walled easily ruptured blisters leaving areas of yellow crusted exudate

Question 33

Treatment for impetigo

Answer 33

Topical Mupirocin

Question 34

Ecthyma

Answer 34

Bacterial skin infection extending to the dermis

Question 35

Ecthyma Infecting organism

Answer 35

Streptococci or pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 36

Cellulitis

Answer 36

Acute spreading infection of the skin & connective tissue (usually from trauma creating portal of entry)

Question 37

Erysipelas

Answer 37

Form of cellulitis involving a lymphatic blockage accompanied by flu like symptoms

Question 38

Erysipelas infecting organism

Answer 38

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 39

Necrostising fasciitis

Answer 39

Serious rapidly progressing bacterial infection of soft tissue & superficial & deep fascia

Question 40

Cefazolin

Answer 40

Is clinically effective against infections caused by staphylococci and streptococci gram positive bacteria