Antibiotics Flashcards
(133 cards)
1
Q
Beta lactam that act as Transpeptidase
A
Penicillin
2
Q
Bind to PBP and INHIBIT Cross-Linking
A
Penicillin
3
Q
T or F: Penicillin are Bacteriostatic
A
F
= Bactericidial
4
Q
Route of Admin of Amoxicillin
A
Oral
IV
5
Q
Route of Admin of Ampicillin
A
Intramuscular
IV
6
Q
Penicillin of choice @Pregnant
A
Amoxicillin
7
Q
Penicillin vs. S.aureus & S.epidermidis
A
Dicloxacillin
8
Q
Cephalosporins vs. Pseudomonas
A
Cefepime
Cetazimide
9
Q
Beta Lactam vs Syphilis
A
Penicillin
10
Q
Beta lactam used at Surgical Prophylaxis
A
Cefazolin
11
Q
Beta Lactam vs. Meningitis
A
Ceftriaxone (Cephalosporin)
12
Q
Cephalosporin vs. Lyme
A
Ceftriaxone
13
Q
Cephalosporins vs. Gonorrhea
A
Ceftriaxone
14
Q
Cephalosporin vs Nosocomial Infections
A
Cefepime
15
Q
Cephalosporins with good BHE penetrance
A
Gen 3 & 4 Cephalosporines
16
Q
Cephalosporin used vs. Skin Infections
A
Cefazolin (1st gen)
17
Q
Beta Lactam vs MRSA
A
Ceftroline (5th gen)
Vancomycin
Teicoplanin
18
Q
Beta Lactam that bind to PBP carbon atom @position 1
A
Carbapenems
19
Q
Carbapenem used for Tx of Meningitis
A
Meropenem
20
Q
Beta Lactam vs Nosocomial Infections
A
Cefepime
Carbapenems
21
Q
Beta Lactam vs Acinobacter infections (ventilator associated pneumonia & pseudomona aeruginosa)
A
Carbapenems
22
Q
Penicillin that can cause Interstitial Nephritis
A
Dicloxacillin
23
Q
Type of Penicillin that may cause Hemolytic Anemia
A
Penicillin (V & G)
24
Q
Type of Penicillin that may cause Psudomembranous colitis due to a superinfection
A
Ampicillin
Amoxicillin
25
Gen of Cephalosporines vs. UTIs
1 & 2
26
Beta Lactam that can cause as adverse effect Disulfiram Reaction
Cephalosporins
27
Major adverse effect of Carbapenems
CNS toxicity —> seizures
* Imipenem >
28
Mechanism of resistance of Glycopeptides
D-lactate @Tip of Tetrapeptides causing that Glycopeptides ( vancomycin & teicoplanin) can’t bind
29
When would a Glycopeptide (vancomycin & teicoplanin) be indicated to administer orally?
Clostridium dificile infection causing Pseudomembranous colitis
30
What makes Glycopeptides a more broader spectrum beta Lactam?
They don’t act @PBP, which allows them to bypass a PBP mutations
31
Glycopeptides (vancomycin & teicoplanin) act vs Gram __ bacteria?
Positive
32
Which beta lactam acts vs. MDR gram - ?
Polymyxin B
Colistin
33
T or F: Cephalosporins act vs. Atypical bacteria
F
34
Type of penicillin vs S.pyogenes infections (pharyngitis)
Penicillin (G or V)
35
Beta Lactam used vs. Upper respiratory tract infections (sinusitis, pharyngitis, otitis media)
Amoxicillin
36
Which beta Lactam must be given with Cilastatin in order to inhibit inactivation of the drug by Dehydropeptidase @Kidney?
Imipenem
37
Beta Lactam indicated when there is MDR of gram + bacteria?
Vancomycin
Teicoplanin
38
Adverse effects of Vancomycin & Teicoplanin
Nephrotoxicity
Thrombophlebitis
Red man syndrome
Ototoxicity
39
Antibiotics indicated for Acne Tx
Tetracycline
Clindamycin
40
1st line antibiotics vs Intracelular Bacteria
Tetracyclines
41
Protein inhibitor indicated at a Tick bite
Tetracyclines
42
Tetracyclines are contraindicated @
Pregnancy
Children <8yo
Renal failure
43
1st line Tx vs Borrelia Burgdorferi
Doxycycline
= Lyme disease
44
Long acting Tetracyclines
Doxycycline
Tigecycline
45
Antibiotic indicated at MRSA and VRE infection
Tigecycline
Linezolid
46
Antibiotics available vs MRSA
Ceftroline
Vancomycin
Teicoplanin
Doxycycline
Tigecycline
47
Mechanism of resistance of Tetracyclines
Efflux pump
48
Antibiotics that whose absorption may be affected if taken with concomitant Mg, Fe or Ca
Tetracyclines
Fluoroquinolones
49
Antibiotic that can be given in Malaria prophylaxis
Doxycycline
50
Bone and Teeth Deposition
Tetracyclines
51
Neuromuscular blockade
Aminogycosides
52
Antibiotic that may cause Fancomi Syndrome
Tetracyclines
53
Antibiotic indicated for Colorectal Surgery prophylaxis
Neomycin
54
Aminoglycoside vs. Tuberculosis
Streptomycin
55
Aminogycoside indicated for lung infections, including cystic fibrosis exacerbations
Amikacin
56
Ototoxicity
Aminogycosides
57
Protein inhibitor vs Endocarditis or Peritonitis
Gentamicin
58
Only protein inhibitor that is bactericidial
Aminoglycosides
59
Which other antibiotic is synergic with Penicillins?
Aminoglycosides
60
Antibiotic vs. Plauge
Gentamicin
Streptomycin
61
Protein inhibitor that inhibits the initiation complex by binding to 30s
Aminoglycosides
62
Protein synthesis inhibitor indicated at nosocomial sepsis of unknown origin
Amikacin
63
Aminoglycosides Contraindications
Pregnancy
Myasthenia gravísimo
Botulism
64
Serotonin syndrome
Linezolid
65
Gray baby syndrome
Chloramphenicol
66
Protein inhibitor that inhibits the initiation complex by binding to 50s
Linezolid
67
Antibiotic vs Typhoid fever
Chloramphenicol
68
Protein inhibitors indicated for MDR tuberculosis
Linezolid
Streptomycin
69
Protein inhibitor vs Bacterial conjuntivitis
Chloramphenicol
70
Long use of Clindamycin can cause…
Superinfection of C.dificile that causes Pseudomembranous colitis
71
50s binding drug that is effective vs anaerobic bacteria @lungs and mouth
Clindamycin
72
Protein inhibitor vs Toxoplasmosis encephalitis
Clindamycin
73
T or F: Clindamycin is safe during pregnancy
F
= it’s contraindicated during the first trimester
74
Protein inhibitor that can cause Bone Marrow suppression leading to aplastic anemia
Chloramphenicol
75
Antibiotics that INHIBIT CYP450
Chloramphenicol
Fluoroquinolones
Iosiniazid
Antimetabolites (Sullfadiazine & TMP/SMX)
76
Only antibiotic that INDUCES CYP450
Rifampin
77
Antibiotic vs Lymphogranuloma venerum
Tetracyclines
78
Antibiotic vs Chlamydia infection
Tetracyclines
Azithromycin
79
Adverse effects of Linezolid
Serotonin syndrome
Peripheral neuropathy
Bone marrow suppression
80
Protein inhibitor that inhibits Peptidyltranderase and therefore inhibits elongation
Chloramphenicol
81
Protein inhibitor vs Whooping cough
Macrolides
82
Antibiotic vs Erysipellas & Celulitis
Erythromycin
Clarithromycin
83
Antibiotic used as HIV prophylaxis
Azitromycin
Clarithromycin
84
Protein inhibitor vs. H.pylori (gastritis)
Clarithromycin
85
Antibiotic vs Diphteria
Erythromycin
86
Antibiotic vs Mycobacterium avium
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
87
T or F: Macrolides aren’t indicated during Pregnancy
T
88
Antibiotics that can cause QT prolongation —> arrhythmias
Macrolides
Fluoroquinolones
89
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
Macrolides
90
Mechanism of resistance of Macrolides
Efflux pumps
91
MOA of Fluoroquinolones
Inhibit:
Tipoisomerase IV
DNA gyrase
That lead to SUPERCOILING
92
-floxacin
Fluoroquinolones
93
Respiratory Fluoroquinolones
Levofloxacin
Moxifloxacin
94
Fluoroquinolone vs MDR Tuberculosis
Moxifloxacin
95
Which antibiotic decreases its absorption by concomitant use of anti acids
Fluoroquinolones
96
Damage to growing cartilage
Fluoroquinolones
97
Protein inhibitor that may cause Photosensitivity and Tinitus
Tetracyclines
98
Antibiotic that may cause Acute Cholestatic Hepatitis
Macrolides
99
Antibiotic for Prohylaxis of Burn infections
Sulfadiazine
100
1st line of Tx vs P.jirovecci infections @HIV px
Trimoethropin Sulfamethoxazole
101
Antibiotic that inhibit DHPR (duhydropteroate reductase)
Trimethropin Sulfamethaxole
102
Fluoroquinole vs Gram - rods (UTI & GI infections)
Ciprofloxacin
103
Tendinitis
Fluoroquinolones
104
T or F: Trimoethropin Sulfamathoxazole work vs MRSA
T
105
TMP/SMX indications
Travelers Diarrhea
Pneumonia (H.influenzae f Moraxella)
P.jirovecin@HIV Px
MRSA
106
Antibiotic that may cause Juandice & Kernicterus @Babies
Sulfadiazine
107
Hemolysis @G6PD deficiency
Sulfadiazine
108
Antibiotics that cause Steven-Johnson’s Syndrome
Fluoroquinolones
Sulfadiazine
109
Tuberculosis Tx Scheme
Intensive Phase: 2 MONTHS
RIPE
Continuation Phase: 4 MONTHS
Rifamoin
Isoniazid
110
Prophylaxis of Tuberculosis
Rifampin
Isoniazid
111
Only Tuberculosis drug that can be given as Monotherapy
Isoniazid
112
Antibiotic that causes Red-orange discoloration of body fluids
Rifampin
113
What is the indication given to a Px with HIV that is about to start their Tuberculosis Tx
Change Rifampin to Rifabutin
= because it has less potential of inducing CYP450
114
Tuberculosis drug that is also used in the Tx of Leprosy
Rifampin
115
Tuberculosis drug that may cause Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Isoniazid
116
Tuberculosis drug that act by inhibiting mycobacteria RNA polymerase
Rifampin
117
Tuberculosis drug that act by inhibiting mycobacterial peroxidase
Isoniazid
118
Antibiotic that may cause Vit.6 deficiency
Isoniazid
119
Sideroblastic anemia
Isoniazid
Due to vit.6 deficiency
120
Tuberculosis drug that act by inhibiting arabinosyltransferase
Ethambuthol
121
Antibiotic that may cause Optic Neuritis
Ethambuthol
122
Antibiotics that may cause Hyperuricemia that can lead to Gout
Pyrazinamid
Ethambuthol
123
Contraindications of Pyrazinamide
Hepatic failure
Acute gout
124
T or F: Ethambuthol is indicated in children
F
125
Cycloserine indications
MDR TB
MAC
UTI
126
Indications of Ethionamide
MDR TB
XDR TB
MAC
127
Which Leprosy drug is not active vs Tuberculoid leprosy?
Clofazime
128
Antibiotic that causes black/brown discoloration
Clofzamine
129
Antibiotic that may cause Methemglobinemia
Dapsone
130
Antibiotic for inflammatory or postular dermatoses
Clofzamine
131
Fatal mononucleosis like syndrome
Dapsone
132
Antibiotic that’s competitive antagonist of PABA
Dapsone
133
Other indications of Dapsone besides Leprosy Tx
P.jirovecci
Toxoplasmosis
Plasmodium falciparum
