Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Antimicrobial Pharmacotherapy > Antivirals > Flashcards

Antivirals Flashcards

(93 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

MOA of NRTI

A

Inhibit RNA to Proviral DNA
Compete with natural nucleotides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Main adverse effects of NRTIs

A

Lipoatrphy
Mitochondrial toxicity (myopathy, hepatic steatosis, peripheral neuropathy , lactic acidosis)
Bone Marrow Suppression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

HIV antiviral for post exposure prophylaxis

A

NRTIs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

NRTI indicated for perinatal exposure

A

Zidovudine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Antiviral that causes Melalonychia

A

Zidovudine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Adverse effects of Zidovudine

A

Melalonychia
Megaloblastic Anemia
Erythrocytic macrocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

NRTIs that can also be used in HBV Tx

A

Lamivudine
Tenofovir
Emtricitabine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

NRTI that can cause Fancomi syndrome

A

Tenofovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

ONLY NRTI that is a nucleotide analogue

A

Tenofovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Adverse effect of Didanosine

A

Pancreatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Contraindication of Abacavir

A

HLA-B5701

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

HLA-B5701

A

Abacavir contraindication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

NRTI related to Fatal hypersensitivity reaction

A

Abacavir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

NRTI that can cause progressive motor neuropathy

A

Stavudine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Stavudine contraindications

A

Long term use
+ Didanosine
+ Zidovudine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

NRTI that can cause skin hyperpigmentation

A

Emtricitabine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

HIV ANTIVIRAL that inhibit HIV-1 protease and the fore cause the production of immature (non infectious) virions

A

PI = protease inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

These HIV antivirals are metabolized by CYP450 and ALSO INHIBITS them

A

PI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Protease inhibitors adverse effects

A

Hyperglicemia
Hyperlipidmia
Lipodystrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

ONLY protease inhibitor that is NOT associated with Metabolic Disorders as adverse effects

A

Atazanavir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

-navir

A

PI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

PI that causes increased levels of transaminases that can lead to liver damage

A

Ritonavir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which PIs are less effective in HIV-2

A

Ritonavir
Lopinavir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

PI order of age use for NAIVE px

A

Lopinavir (14d) —> Atazanavir (3m) —> Fosamprenavir (2y) —>Darunavir (12y)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
PI order of age use for EXPERIENCED px
Tripranavir (2y) —> Fosamprenavit (6y)
26
HIV antiviral drug that act as Pharmacokinetic enhancer
Ritonavir = by inhibiting CYP3A4
27
PIs best tolerated
Darunavir
28
HIV antiviral that may cause Nephrolitiasis
Indinavir
29
PI that is used ONLY for experienced px
Tipranavir
30
HIV antiviral that can cause intracranial hemorrhage and bleeding episodes
Tipranavir
31
HIV antiviral that may cause unconjugated hyper bilirubinemia
Atazanavir
32
Atazanavir Adverse Reactions
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia Helatic function abnormalities
33
HIV antiviral that causes allosteric inhibition of Reverse Transcriptase
NNRTI
34
T or F: NNRTIs are active vs HIV 1 and 2
F Only 1
35
HIV antiviral used as a single dose at pregnant women to prevent vertical transmission of HIV
Nevirapine
36
NNRTI with longest half life
Efavirenz
37
NNRTI that is Teratogenic
Efavirenz
38
HIV antiviral that causes CNS toxicity and can case hallucinations (vivid dreams)
Efavirenz
39
T or F: Efavirenz can also be used in Tuberculosis
T
40
NNRTI that may cause severe hepatotoxicity
Nevirapine
41
HIV antiviral that can cause toxic epidermal necrosis
NNRTIs
42
Only approved HIV drug administered parentally
Enfurvitide
43
T or F: Enfurvitide works in both HIV 1 and 2
F Only in 1
44
HIV antiviral entry inhibitor
Enfurvitide
45
HIV antiviral integrase inhibitor
Ratelgavir
46
T or F: Ratelgavir works in HIV 1 AND 2
T
47
HIV Antiviral that can cause Muscle irritation and Rhabdomyolisis
Ratelgavir
48
Herpes antiviral that is more potent vs HSV1
Acyclovir
49
Antiviral vs HSV encephalitis
Acyclovir
50
Antiviral for Genital Herpes
Acyclovir
51
Antiviral for Varicella Zoster (Chicken pox)
Acyclovir
52
Herpes antiviral that is long term use friendly
Acyclovir
53
Tx for Herpes infection that is Resistant to Acyclovir and Gancuclovir
Cidofovir Foscarnet
54
Antiviral vs CMV retinitis @Immunocompromised
Ganciclovir
55
Antiviral that is a Phyrophosphate analogue
Foscarnet
56
Antiviral used for CMV prophylaxis at transplant recipients
Ganciclovir Vallganciclovir
57
Herpes antiviral that doesn’t need a prior activation by viral kinase
Cidofovir Foscarnet
58
Is Ganciclovir and Valganciclovir safe to use at pregnant women?
Category C Risks are not ruled out, ONLY use when benefits outweigh risks
59
Antiviral used as Prophylaxis @Immunocompetent with recurrent or severe infections
Acyclovir
60
Antiviral that can cause Thrombocitic thrombocytopenic pupura
Acyclovir
61
Antiviral that may cause Obstructive crystal-induced neuropathy
Acyclovir
62
T or F: Hepres antiviral are nephrotoxic
T
63
Herpes antiviral with lower selectivity wichi y causes more side effects
Ganciclovir
64
Antiviral that may cause Myelotoxicity that can lead to pancytopenia
Ganciclovir
65
MOA of Herpes medications
Inhibiting viral DNA synthesis, thus inhibiting vira, proliferation
66
HSV medication Guanosine analogue
Acyclovir Ganciclovir
67
UL-97 kinase for phosphorylation of Herpes antiviral
Ganciclovir
68
Viral thymidine kinase used to phsosphorylate a HSV antiviral
Acyclovir
69
Resistance to HSV antivirals
Mutation of Viral Kinase that does not permit the drug to be phosphorylated
70
Adverse effects of ACYCLOVIR
CNS toxicity (delirium, tremor, seizures) Hypotension Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura Obstructive crystal induced nephritis
71
Viral DNA polymerase inhibitors
Cidofovir Foscarnet
72
Antivirals that are Neurominidase Inhibitors
Influenza A & B Tx - Oseltanavir - Zanamavir = they prevent the release of new viruses, thereby limiting the duration of the illness
73
Which antiviral vs Influenza A and B would you give to a month old baby?
Osetalnavir
74
Antiviral used to Tx Influenza A and B that is indicated in Px over 5yo
Zanamavir
75
T or F: for best results the antivirals vs influenza muy be taken within 2 days of symptom onset
T
76
Antiviral drugs used to influenza prophylaxis ( lessen the severity, duration and risk complications) specially at high risk groups
Neuriminidase inhibitors
77
Neurominidase inhibitors that are its route of administration is by INHALATION
Zanamavir
78
Zanamavir Contraindications
Px with underlying airway conditions: Astma COPD because it can cause bronchospasms
79
Antiviral vs Influenza most commonly associated with GI upset
Osetalmivir
80
Antiviral vs ONLY Influenza A
Amantadine
81
Antiviral also used in the Tx of Parkinson’s disease
Amantadine
82
Single stranded RNA Hepatitis Virus
HCV
83
Antiviral vs. Hepatitis C
Ribavirin
84
Nucleoside analogues in Hepatitis Tx
Entecavir Lamivudine and Ribavirin for Hepatitis C
85
Nucleoside analogues at Hepatitis Tx
Tenofovir Adefovir
86
1st line Tx for Hepatitis B
Entecavir
87
Well tolerated HBV medication
Lamivudine
88
Hepatitis drug that is Teratogenic
Ribavirin
89
Hepatitis drug that also is indicated in the Tx of RSV
Ribavirin
90
Competitive inhibitor of IMP dehydrogenase
Ribavirin
91
Antiviral Tx for Hepatitis B & C
Interferon
92
Ribavirin Adverse effects
Henolytic anemia Hiperuricemia
93
High doses of which Hepatitis antiviral can cause neprhotoxicity
Adefovir

Antimicrobial Pharmacotherapy (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions