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Antibiotics Flashcards

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1
Q

Bactericidal chinese

A

杀菌

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2
Q

Bacteriostatic chinese

A

抑菌

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3
Q

Are sulfonamides bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

A

Bacteriostatic

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4
Q

Drug class of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra)

A

Sulfonamides antibiotics

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5
Q

Drug class of sulfasalazine

A

Sulfonamides antibiotics

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6
Q

Sulfasalazine take with or without food?

A

With food

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7
Q

What can be used with antibiotics to prevent bacteria from attaching to urinary tract walls

A

Cranberry, reduce UTI

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8
Q

Sulfasalazine, like rifampin, can do what?

A

Turn body fluids orange

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9
Q

Sulfasalazine has what effect on contact lenses?

A

Permanently discolor the contact lenses, so wear glasses

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10
Q

All antibiotics have what side effects?

A

NVD, anorexia, abd pain

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11
Q

When giving sulfonamides to diabetic pt, need to monitor what?

A

Blood sugar level, because can cause hypoglycemia

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12
Q

How should you take sulfonamides?

A

With a full glass of water

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13
Q

Sulfonamides have which side effect that requires you to avoid sunlight?

A

Photosensitivity

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14
Q

Is it common for sulfonamides to cause body fluid discoloration?

A

Yes

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15
Q

Which gen of cephalosporin is cephalexin?

A

1st

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16
Q

Which gen of cephalosporin is cefaclor?

A

2nd

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17
Q

Which gen of cephalosporin is cefoperazone?

A

3rd

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18
Q

Which gen of cephalosporin is cefepime?

A

4th

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19
Q

Which gen or cephalosporin is ceftaroline?

A

5th

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20
Q

What are cephalosporin used for?

A

Resp infection, otitis media, bone/joint infections, can be given after sexual assault to prevent bacteria

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21
Q

What do sulfonamides interact with?

A

Anticoagulant, hydantoin, methotrexate

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22
Q

What do cephalosporin interact with?

A

Anticoagulants, aminoglycosides, loop diuretics

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23
Q

Amoxicillin, ampicillin, and piperacillin are examples of?

A

Penicillin

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24
Q

Amoxicillin + clavulanate

A

Augmentin

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25
Piperacillin + tazobactam
Zosyn
26
What is penicillin used for?
UTI, meningitis, STI, pneumonia and other resp infections, intra-abd infections
27
SE of penicillin
Glossitis, stomatitis, gastritis, NVD, abd pain, phlebitis, pancytopenia, bone marrow depression
28
What does penicillin interact with?
Tetracycline, oral contraceptives, anticoagulant, beta blockers
29
Carbapenems uses
Complicated infections
30
Drug class of vancomycin
Carbapenem
31
If vancomycin is given too fast, what can happen?
Red man syndrome (rash in neck/skin/torso, low bp, chest pain, pale skin, petechiae, shortness of breath
32
What to do if you see red man syndrome caused by vancomycin?
Slow it down! Can give antihistamine
33
Drug class of oritavancin
Carbapenem
34
Drug class of telavancin
Carbapenem
35
Drug class of aztreonam
Carbapenem
36
Drug class of meropenem
Carbapenem
37
Side effects of carbapenem
NVD, nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, low bp with IV
38
Vanco peak will happen when? And what is the normal level?
About 30 minutes after infusion, norm value 20-40 mg/ml
39
Vanco trough will happen when? And what is the normal value?
30 minutes before the next dose Mild infection: 10 mcg/ml Severe infection: 15-20 mcg/ml
40
Do you take penicillin with or without food?
Without
41
For cephalosporins, penicillin, and carbapenem, how should you store and do before taking the oral suspension?
Refrigerate, and shake well before admin
42
Drug class of vibramycin
Tetracycline
43
Drug class of doxycycline
Tetracycline
44
Tetracycline uses
E Coli, H Pylori, skin infections, resp infections
45
What can tetracyclines do to children less than 9 y.o.?
Cause permanent yellow gray brown discoloration of teeth
46
What do tetracyclines interact with?
Oral contraceptives, antacids, anticoagulants, digoxin
47
Drug class of gentamicin and neomycin
Aminoglycosides
48
What are aminoglycosides used for?
Abd surgery, hepatic coma
49
Adverse reactions of aminoglycosides
Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and neurotoxicity
50
Can you use aminoglycosides if pt have myasthenia gravis?
No
51
Can younuse aminoglycosides if pt have hearing loss?
No
52
Can you use aminoglycosides if pt have Parkinson disease?
No
53
What do aminoglycosides interact with?
Cephalosporins
54
What are macrolides used for?
Gram pos and neg infections, acne and skin infections, upper resp infections, used for pt who are allergic to penicillins
55
Drug class of azitgromycin
Macrolides
56
Drug class of zithromax
Macrolides
57
Drug class of clarithromycin
Macrolides
58
What do macrolides interact with?
Antacids, digoxin, anticoagulants, theophylline, clindamycin, lincomycin
59
Drug class of cleocin
Lincosamides
60
Drug class of lincocin
Lincosamides
61
Drug class of clindamycin
Lincosamides
62
Lincosamides uses
Gram pos and neg infections
63
Can lincosamides be used for minor bacterial/viral infections?
No because this is high powered antibiotics
64
What is cubicin, zyvox, daptomycin, and linezolid used for?
Skin infections, MRSA
65
What can cubicin, zyvox, daptomycin, linezolid cause?
Depressions headache, dizziness, NVD, constipation
66
How should you take tetracyclines?
On an empty stomach
67
How should you take aminoglycosides?
With a full glass of water, take with food
68
How should you take macrolides?
With a full glass of water, take with food
69
How should you take lincosamides?
With a full glass of water, take with food
70
What kind of food need to be avoided when taking tetracyclines?
Food containing calcium
71
Drug class of ciprofloxacin
Fluoroquinolones
72
Drug class of delafloxacin
Fluoroquinolones
73
Drug class of levofloxacin
Fluoroquinolones
74
Fluoroquinolones uses
Lower resp infections, bone/joint infections, UTI, skin infections
75
Can you use fluoroquinolones in diabetic pt's?
No
76
What to avoid while taking fluoroquinolones?
High intensity exercise b/c of increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture
77
What do fluoroquinolones interact with?
Anticoagulants, antacids, NSAIDs

Pharmacology (25 decks)

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