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Pharmacology NCLEX > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

Antibiotics

subclasses

A

Aminoglycosides, glycopeptides, fluoroquinolones, beta-lactams, macrolides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, lincosamides

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2
Q

Aminoglycoside

Examples

A

gentamycin, neomycin, streptomycin, tobramycin

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3
Q

Aminoglycoside

Indication

A

treatment of serious bacterial infections (gram-negative)

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4
Q

Glycopeptides

Examples

A

vancomycin, dalbavancin, oritavancin, telavancin

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5
Q

Glycopeptides

Indication

A

treatment of gram-positive bacterial infections (MRSA)

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6
Q

Fluoroquinolones

Examples

A

ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin

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7
Q

Fluoroquinolones

Indication

A

treatment of bacterial infections (UTI/STI)

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8
Q

Penicillins

Examples

A

penicillin, oxacillin, amoxicillin, piperacillin, ampicillin

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9
Q

Penicillins

Indication

A

treatment of gram-positive and gram-negative infections (meningitis)

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10
Q

Cephalosporins

Examples

A

Cefazolin, cefoxitin, ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftraroline

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11
Q

Cephalosporins

Indication

A

treatment of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria

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12
Q

Carbapenems

Examples

A

imipenem, meropenem, doripenem

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13
Q

Carbapenems

Indication

A

treatment of nosocomial infections, meningitis, community-acquired infections (pneumonia)

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14
Q

Macrolides

Examples

A

azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin

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15
Q

Macrolides

Indication

A

treatment of bacterial infections (tonsillitis)

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16
Q

Sulfonamides

Examples

A

trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine, sulfanilamide

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17
Q

Sulfonamides

Indication

A

treatment of gram-positive and gram-negative infections (UTI/skin infections)

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18
Q

Tetracyclines

Examples

A

doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline

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19
Q

Tetracyclines

Indication

A

treatment of gram-positive and gram-negative, unusual infections (URIs, anthrax)

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20
Q

Lincosamides

Examples

A

lincomycin and clindamycin

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21
Q

Lincosamides

Indication

A

treatment of numerous infections (septicemia)

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22
Q

Aminoglycosides

Therapeutic Effect

Study These Flashcards
A

bactericidal action

23
Q

Aminoglycosides

Adverse Effects

Study These Flashcards
A

ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, muscle paralysis, ataxia, vertigo, apnea, hypersensitivity reactions

24
Q

Glycopeptides

Therapeutic Effect

Study These Flashcards
A

bactericidal action

25
# Glycopeptides Adverse Effects
ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, GI upset, metallic taste, dizziness, flushing/itching of the face/neck/torso
26
# Glycopeptides - Vancomycin What happens if pushed too fast?
Vancomycin Flushing Syndrome (VFS) aka Red Man Syndrome (RMS): flushing, pruritus, erythematous rash on face/neck/torso within 4-10 minutes
27
# Fluoroquinolones Therapeutic Effects
Bactericidal action
28
# Fluoroquinolones Adverse Effects
GI upset, Steven Johnson Syndrome, aortic aneurysm/dissection, Torsades de Pointes, hepatotoxicity, C. diff, seizures, dizziness, HA, joint pain, hypersensitivity reaction, photosensitivity, ACHILLES TENDON RUPTURE (long term use)
29
# Penicillins Therapeutic Effect
bactericidal action
30
# Penicillins Adverse Effects
GI upset, C. diff, interstitial nephritis, seizures, hypersensitivity reaction, dermatologic reactions
31
# Cephalosporins Therapeutic effect
bactericidal action
32
# Cephalosporins Adverse Effects
GI upset, seizures, hypersensitivity reactions, Steven Johnson Syndrome
33
# Carbapenems Therapeutic Effect
bactericidal action
34
# Carbapenems Adverse Effects
GI upset, C. diff, hypersensitivity reactions, hypotension, rash seizures
35
# Macrolides Therapeutic Effect
bactericidal and bacteriostatic action
36
# Macrolides Adverse Reactions
GI upset, jaundice, arrhythmias, QT interval prolongation (erythromycin), hearing loss, serious dermatological conditions
37
# Sulfonamides Therapeutic effect
bacteriostatic action
38
# Sulfonamides Adverse Effects
GI upset, hypersensitivity reactions, hematologic reactions, neurologic effects, photosensitivity, serious dermatological conditions, C. diff
39
# Tetracyclines Therapeutic Effect
bacteriostatic action
40
# Tetracyclines Adverse Effects
GI upset, fungal infections, C. diff, photosensitivity, dizziness, dermatological reactions, pancreatitis, hepatotoxicity
41
# Lincosamides Therapeutic Effect
bactericidal and bacteriostatic action
42
# Lincosamides Adverse Effects
GI upset, dizziness, HA, C. diff, dermatologic reactions, hypersensitivity reactions, metallic taste
43
# All Antibiotics Nursing Considerations
assess for infection/superinfection; culture and sensitivity; maintain hydration; monitor LFTs; dosing instructions; monitor renal function; assess rash/skin changes; monitor bowel function
44
# Aminoglycosides Nursing Considerations
monitor for hearing loss, monitor peak and trough levels, dosing instructions
45
# Glycopeptides Nursing Considerations
monitor for hearing loss and infusion reaction (VFS); maintain IV site; monitor electrolytes, clotting factors, serum pregnancy test (negative before starting); monitor peak and trough levels, age, and kidney levels; dosing instructions; drug interactions
46
# Fluoroquinolones Nursing Considerations
monitor for peripheral neuropathy; assess for suicidal thoughts/behaviors; monitor glucose; photosensitivity; dosing instructions; drug interactions
47
# Penicillins Nursing Considerations
monitor electrolytes and CBC; assess for drug allergies (cephalosporins); assess IV site (phlebitis); Coombs Test (+); dosing instructions; acidic juice decreases effect
48
# Cephalosporins Nursing Considerations
assess for penicillin allergy; Coombs test; take with food to decrease GI upset; no alcohol
49
# Carbapenems Nursing Considerations
assess for penicillin allergy; monitor CBC; Coombs test; don't infuse too fast
50
# Macrolides Nursing Considerations
monitor electrolytes and glucose; monitor ECG for QT prolongation; avoid driving; photosensitivity; dosing instructions; avoid amiodarone
51
# Sulfonamides Nursing Considerations
assess IV site; monitor electrolytes, glucose, and CBC; photosensitivity; encourage hydration; take with food and a full glass of water; never give IM
52
# Tetracyclines Nursing Considerations
assess IV site; monitor CBC and LFTs; avoid driving; photosensitivity; use non-hormonal contraceptives; discard old medications; take 1 hour before or 2 hours after meal or 1 hour before bed; NO MILK
53
# Lincosamides Nursing Considerations
monitor CBC; take with full glass of water

Pharmacology NCLEX (16 decks)

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