Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharmacology NCLEX > Anticoagulant and Antiplatelets > Flashcards

Anticoagulant and Antiplatelets Flashcards

(63 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the types of anti platelet meds?

A

Platelet inhibitor, CYP2Y12 inhibitors, and GP IIb/IIa inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the med that is a platelet inhibitor?

A

Aspirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the indication for aspirin?

A

prevention of TIAs and MIs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the action of Aspirin?

A

prevent platelets from clumping by making them more slippery; inhibits platelet aggregation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the therapeutic effect of Aspirin?

A

decreased incidence of TIAs and MIs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the adverse effects of Aspirin?

A

dyspepsia, epigastric distress, nausea, tinnitus, GI bleed, bleeding, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the CYP2Y12 inhibitor med?

A

Clopidogrel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the indication for clopidogrel?

A

prevention of clots, ACS, PAD, after an MI/stent/stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the MOA of Clopidogrel?

A

binds to P2Y12 class of adenosine diphosphate receptors on platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the therapeutic effect of Clopidogrel?

A

reduction in risk of cardiovascular death, MI, and stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the adverse effects of Clopidogrel?

A

skin issues, GI bleed, bleeding, neutropenia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), dizziness, fatigue, HA, angioedema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the GP IIb/IIa inhibitor meds?

A

Eptifibatide or Tirofiban

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Eptifibatide or Tirofiban indicated for?

A

ACS, clients undergoing PCI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the MOA of Eptifibatide or Tirofiban?

A

decreases platelet aggregation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the therapeutic effect of Eptifibatide or Tirofiban?

A

reduction in rik of death or new MI in clients with ACS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the adverse effects of Eptifibatide or Tirofiban?

A

hypotension, bradycardia, nausea, GI bleed, bleeding, thrombocytopenia, HA, dizziness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the types of anticoagulant meds?

A

Vitamin K antagonist, Heparin, LMWH, DTIs, Direct factor Xa inhibitors, thrombolytics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What med is the vitamin K antagonist?

A

Warfarin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the indication for Warfarin?

A

prophylaxis and treatment of VTE, PE, AFib, MI, valve placement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the MOA of Warfarin?

A

interferes with hepatic synthesis of vitamin K clotting factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the therapeutic effect of Warfarin?

A

decreases risk of death after MI and recurrence, prevents thromboembolic events

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the adverse effects of Warfarin?

A

bleeding, GI bleed, HA, abdominal pain, N/V, altered sense of taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the antidote for Warfarin?

A

Vitamin K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the indication for Heparin?

A

prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the MOA of Heparin?
potetiates inhibitory effect of antithrombin
26
What is the therapeutic effect of Heparin?
prevention of thrombus formation and growth
27
What are the adverse effects of Heparin?
bleeding, drug-induced hepatitis, HIT, anemia, alopecia, osteoporosis, hypersensitivity reactions
28
What is the antidote for Heparin?
Protamine Sulfate
29
What are the meds for LWMH?
Enoxaparin, Dalteparin, or Fondaparinux
30
What is the indication for Enoxaparin, Dalteparin, or Fondaparinux?
prevention of VTE, PE, DVT
31
What is the MOA of Enoxaparin, Dalteparin, or Fondaparinux?
potentiates inhibitory effect of antithrombin
32
What is the therapeutic effect of Enoxaparin, Dalteparin, or Fondaparinux?
prevention of thrombus formation
33
What are the adverse effects of Enoxaparin, Dalteparin, or Fondaparinux?
bleeding, anemia, thrombocytopenia, alopecia, osteoporosis, constipation, N/V, urinary retention
34
What is the antidote for LMWH?
Protamine Sulfate
35
What are the DTI meds?
Bivalirudin, Dabigatran, or Argatroban
36
What is the indication for Bivalirudin, Dabigatran, or Argatroban?
prevention and treatment of thrombotic events
37
What is the MOA of Bivalirudin, Dabigatran, or Argatroban?
inhibits thrombin
38
What is the therapeutic effect of Bivalirudin, Dabigatran, or Argatroban?
decreased acute ischemia complications, reduced risk of complications from AFib, reduced risk of DVT/PE
39
What are the adverse effects of Bivalirudin, Dabigatran, or Argatroban?
bleeding, hypotension, bradycardia, N/V, abdominal pain, back pain, HA, pain, acute stent thrombosis, hypersensitivity reaction
40
What are the Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor meds?
Apixaban, Edoxaban, or Rivaroxaban
41
What is the indication for Apixaban, Edoxaban, or Rivaroxaban?
prevention and treatment for DVT/PE
42
What is the MOA of Apixaban, Edoxaban, or Rivaroxaban?
inhibits Factor Xa, inhibits thrombin-induced platelet aggregation
43
What is the therapeutic effect of Apixaban, Edoxaban, or Rivaroxaban?
treatment and prevention of thromboembolic events and major cardiovascular events
44
What are the adverse effects of Apixaban, Edoxaban, or Rivaroxaban?
bleeding, anemia, abdominal pain, dizziness, elevated liver enzymes, anaphylaxis
45
What is the antidote for Apixaban and Rivaroxaban?
Andexanet Alfa
46
What are the thrombolytic meds?
Alteplase, Reteplase, or Tenecteplase
47
What is the indication for Alteplase, Reteplase, or Tenecteplase?
treatment of MI/PE/stroke
48
What is the MOA of Alteplase, Reteplase, or Tenecteplase?
activate plasminogen, converting to plasmin -> degrades fibrin
49
What is the therapeutic effect of Alteplase, Reteplase, or Tenecteplase?
lysis of thrombi, preservation of ventricular function, decreases risk of HF and death, reduces neurologic complications
50
What are the adverse effects of Alteplase, Reteplase, or Tenecteplase?
bleeding, GI bleed, retroperitoneal bleed, GU tract bleeding, intracranial bleeding, hypotension, N/V, hypersensitivity reactions
51
What are the nursing considerations for all antiplatelet and anticoagulant medications?
Assess for s/s of bleeding, assess for herbal supplement use, teach clients which supplements to avoid, do not stop taking abruptly
52
What are the s/s of bleeding?
frank bleeding from orifices, IV site; decreased or changes in mentation, coffee-ground emesis, black tarry stools, hematuria, joint pain, abdominal pain, bruising, decreased hematocrit, hypotension, tachycardia
53
What are the herbal supplements that should be avoided?
ginkgo, ginger, garlic, ginseng, goji, cranberry, chamomile, dongquai, evening primrose, flaxseed, green tea, saw palmetto, anise, arnica, close, licorice, and St. John’s wort
54
What are the nursing considerations for Warfarin?
Therapeutic PT 1.5-2.5 and INR 2-3; AVOID foods high in vitamin K (leafy greens); avoid ASA-containing products and NSAIDs; may cause red-orange discoloration of urine
55
What are the side effects of Warfarin?
Hemorrhage, diarrhea, rash, fever, angina syndrome, anemia, dermatitis, jaundice, elevated LFTs, anaphylactic reactions
56
What are the nursing considerations for Rivaroxaban?
dose reduction for renal impairment; give with food; stop med 24 hours before surgery
57
What are the side effects of Rivaroxaban?
Bleeding, bruising, pruritus, syncope, nausea, hematoma, elevated bilirubin, elevated ALT/AST
58
What are the nursing considerations for Heparin?
Therapeutic PTT 1.5-2.5; assess for signs of hemorrhage; avoid ASA-containing products and NSAIDs; abrupt withdrawal may precipitate increased coagulability
59
What are the side effects of Heparin?
spontaneous bleeding, tissue irritation/pain at injection site, increased AST/ALT, anemia, thrombocytopenia, fever, rash
60
What are the nursing considerations for Enoxaparin?
dont use in patients with history of HIT; caution in patients with impaired renal function or morbid obesity; stop 12-24 hours before surgery
61
What are the side effects of Enoxaparin?
bleeding, bruising, injection site hematoma/ecchymosis, increase in AST/ALT
62
What are the nursing considerations for Dabigatran?
don't crush or chew; increased risk of bleeding when combined with Aspirin, other antiplatelets, or other anticoagulants; stop 24 hours before surgery
63
What are the side effects of Dabigatran?
Dyspepsia, abdominal discomfort, epigastric pain, GI hemorrhage, bleeding

Pharmacology NCLEX (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions