Antibiotics Flashcards

(50 cards)

0
Q

Coverage of Pen V

A

Streptococcal, pneumococcal, meningococcal, and syphilis

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1
Q

MOA of beta lactam antibiotics

A

Inhibits transpeptidation reaction that cross-links the linear peptidoglycan chain constituent of the cell wall

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2
Q

Antipseudomonal Penicillins?

A

Ticarcillin, Carbenicillin, Piperacillin

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3
Q

First generation cephalosporins

A
Cephalexin
Cephapirin
Cephradine
Cephalothin
Cefazolin
Cefadroxil
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4
Q

Second generation cephalosporins

A

Cefoxitin
Cefuroxime
Cefotetan
Cefaclor

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5
Q

Cefoperazone is a __________ generation cephalosporin

A

3rd

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6
Q

Example of 4th generation cephalosporin

A

Cefipime

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7
Q

Coverage of Cefipime

A

Gram positive and gram negative

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8
Q

T/F: Cefipime is resistant to beta lactamase

A

True

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9
Q

Antipseudomonal cephalosporins

A

Ceftazidime
Cefepime
Cefoperazone

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10
Q

Drug class of imipenem, ertapenem, and meropenem

A

Carbapanem

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11
Q

Drug class of aztreonam

A

Monobactam

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12
Q

Used for infections resistant to beta-lactamases produced by gram negative rods, including Klebsiella, Pseudomonas and Serratia

A

Aztreonam

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13
Q

What is the possible side effect if Vancomycin was given too fast via IV?

A

Red man syndrome

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14
Q

Drug class of Vancomycin

A

Glycopeptide

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15
Q

MOA of Vancomycin

A

Inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding to the D-Ala D-Ala terminus of nascent peptidoglycan

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16
Q

Drug class of Chloramphenicol

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor

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17
Q

Causes grey baby syndrome

A

Chloramphenicol

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18
Q

Idiosyncratic effect of Chloramphenicol

A

Aplastic anemia

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19
Q

Premature baby had history of unrecalled antibiotic intake, presents with ashen gray skin, cyanosis and cardiovascular collapse, lab findings revealed decreased RBC. Diagnosis?

A

Gray baby syndrome due to chloramphenicol intake

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20
Q

DOC for cholera

21
Q

MOA of Tetracycline

A

Inhibits 30s ribosomal subunit

22
Q

Drug class of erythromycin

23
Q

MOA of erythromycin

A

Inhibits 50s ribosomal subunit

24
All macrolides are CYP450 inhibitor except:
Azithromycin
25
Drug class pf clindamycin
Lincosamide
26
MOA of clindamycin
Inhibits 50s ribosomal subunit
27
Most common cause of pseudomembranous colitis
Clindamycin due to C. Difficile overgrowth
28
Has coverage for anaerobic infections ABOVE the diaphragm
Clindamycin
29
Has coverage for anaerobic infections BELOW the diaphragm
Metronidazole
30
Defined as asn increase inproportion of bacteria killed at a more rapid rate as the plasma level is increased above the MIC
Concentration-dependent killing action
31
Defined as the efficacy is independent of concentratiin once the MIC has been reached
Time-dependent killing action
32
Post antibiotic effect
The killing action continues when the drug plasma levels have declined below measurable levels
33
MOA of aminoglycosides
Bind to 30s ribosomal subunit and interfere with protein synthesis
34
T/F: Aminoglycosides need O2 for transport
True. Thus, it does not work in anaerobic conditions
35
Common side effects of aminoglycosides
Nephrotoxicity Ototoxicity Teratogen
36
Treatment for visceral leishmaniasis
Paromomycin
37
Aminoglycoside with the narrowest therapeutic window
Amikacin
38
Treatment for neuromuscular blockade due to aminoglycoside intake
Calcium gluconate and Neostigmine
39
Most toxic aminoglycoside
Kanamycin and Amikacin
40
Treatment for gonorrhea in penicillin-allergic patients and drug resistant gonorrhea
Spectinomycin
41
Most vestibulotoxic aminoglycoside
Tobramycin and Gentamicin
42
Most nephrotixic
Tobramycin and Gentamicin
43
____________ enhances toxicity of fluoroquinolones
Methylxanthines (theophylline)
44
Inhibits mycolic acid synthesis
Isoniazid
45
Inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase
Rifampicin
46
Inhibits arabinosyl transferases involved in the synthesis of arabinogalactan in mycobacterial cell wall
Ethambutol
47
Hepatotoxic anti TB drugs
Pyrazinamide > Rifampin > Isoniazid
48
Ototoxic anti TB drug
Streptomycin
49
MOA of Dapsone
Inhibits folic acid synthesis