Antibiotics

Question 1

Antibiotic

Answer 1

Chemical substance that is produced by microorganisms and has the capacity in dilute solution to selectivity inhibit growth or kill other microorganisms

Question 2

Antimicrobial/ Antibacterial

Answer 2

Any substance of natural, semisynthetic or synthetic origin that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms/ bacteria but causes little or no damage to host

Question 3

T or F

All antibiotics are antimicrobials but not all antimicrobials are antibiotics

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Antimicrobial use in animals

Answer 4

Therapeutic use
Prophylactic use
Metaphylactic use
Growth promotion

Question 5

Therapeutic use

Answer 5

When diseased animals are treated to cure infection

Question 6

Prophylactic use

Answer 6

When healthy herds or animals are used to prevent infection

Question 7

Metaphylactic use

Answer 7

When diseased herds are treated to cure infection in some individuals and prevent infection

Question 8

Growth promotion

Answer 8

when healthy animals are treated with low concentrations in feed to improve growth rate and efficiency to feed utilization and improve reproductive performance

Question 9

Classification of antimicrobial agent (5)

Answer 9

Chemical structure
origin
Effect on bacteria
Spectrum activity
Mode of Action

Question 10

Classification according to origin refers to

Answer 10

Natural
Synthetic
Semi synthetic

Question 11

Natural antibacterial

Answer 11

Produced by fungi and bacteria (antibiotics)

Question 12

Synthetic

Answer 12

Chemically designed

Question 13

Semi synthetic

Answer 13

Chemically altered

Question 14

Class Aminoglycoside originate from

Answer 14

Streptomyeces spp

Question 15

Class Cephalosporin origin

Answer 15

Cephalosporium

Question 16

Class Macrolides origin

Answer 16

various Actinomyecetes

Question 17

Class penicillin originate

Answer 17

Penicillum sp

Question 18

Class Phenicols originate

Answer 18

Streptomyeces venezuelae

Question 19

Quinolones originate

Answer 19

Synthetic

Question 20

Rifamycins originate

Answer 20

Amycolaptosis mediterranei

Question 21

Sulfonamides originate

Answer 21

Synthetic

Question 22

Tetracycline originate

Answer 22

Streptomyeces sp.

Question 23

Bactericidal drugs

Answer 23

KILL

Question 24

Bacteriostatic drugs

Answer 24

Inhibit growth

Question 25

Bacteriostatic drugs (7)

Answer 25

``` Lyncomycin Clindamycin Erythromycin Chloramphenicol Sulfadiazine Tetracyclines Doxycycline ```

Question 26

Bacteriocidal Drugs (10)

Answer 26

``` Gentamicin Amikacin Cefalexin Ceftiofur Vancomycin Penicillin G Ampicillin Eroflaxin Ciproflaxin Rifampicin ```

Question 27

Narrow Spectrum

Answer 27

Drugs have activity restricted to few bacterial groups

Question 28

Broad spectrum

Answer 28

Drugs have activity against a wide range of different bacterial organisms

Question 29

Co resistance

Answer 29

Co-existence of multiple genes or mutations encoding resistance to different drugs within same strain or genetic element

Question 30

Co-selection

Answer 30

Selection of multiple resistance genes when one of these gene is selected