antibiotics

Question 1

aminoglycosides are

Answer 1

nephrotoxic, potentiate NDNMB

Question 2

clindamycin can induce

Answer 2

profound and long lasting neuromuscular block

Question 3

vancomycin can cause

Answer 3

histamine release and hypotension

Question 4

sulfonamide is

Answer 4

highly protein bound and can increase plasma levels oral anticoag

Question 5

common gram + organisms (4)

Answer 5

strep pyrogenes, strep pneumoniae, staph aureus, enterococcus faecalis

Question 6

common gram - bacteria (6)

Answer 6

klebsiella, enterobacter, pseudomonas, influenzae, gonorrhoe

Question 7

common anaerobes (2)

Answer 7

clostridium, bacteroids

Question 8

what does beta lactamase inhibitor do for pcn

Answer 8

increases spectrum

Question 9

pcn

Answer 9

gram positive cocci some gram neg

Question 10

pcn and cephalosporins

Answer 10

cross-sensitivity, bacteriocidal, beta lactam abx

Question 11

zosyn

Answer 11

pcn+beta lactamase

Question 12

zosyn coverage

Answer 12

many gram +, gram -, anaerobes

Question 13

ancef is a

Answer 13

1st gen cephalosporin

Question 14

ancef coverage

Answer 14

gram +, some gram -, clostridium

Question 15

third gen cephalosporin

Answer 15

rocephin- gram -, less gram +, inhibits cephalosporin

Question 16

as generation of cephalosporins increases

Answer 16

gram positivity coverage increases and more coverage against pseudomonas (3rd and 4th)

Question 17

4th gen cephalo

Answer 17

maxipime better gram +, more gram -, inhibit psudomonas

Question 18

2nd generation cephal

Answer 18

ceftin, more gram neg, similar gram +

Question 19

preferred surgical prophylaxis, some cross bbb

Answer 19

cephalosporin

Question 20

carbepenems

Answer 20

(merrem, primaxin, invanz) broad, gram +, gram -, anaerobes

Question 21

aztreonam, aminoglycosides (gent)

Answer 21

aerobic gram - only

Question 22

vancomycin

Answer 22

gram + only

Question 23

gram + coverage only

Answer 23

vanco, clindamycin, macrolides

Question 24

clindamycin

Answer 24

gram + and anaerobes

Question 25

metrondiazole

Answer 25

anaerobic coverage only

Question 26

sulfonimides

Answer 26

some gram + and gram - coverage

Question 27

what drugs interfere with cell wall synthesis

Answer 27

vanco, pcn, cephalosporins

Question 28

what drugs inhibit bacterial protein synthesis

Answer 28

aminoglycosides, clindamycin

Question 29

quinolones are

Answer 29

cipro, levo- cover gram +, most gram -, chlamydia, legionalle, mycoplasm

Question 30

what do quinolones do

Answer 30

inhibit bacterial dna gyrase

Question 31

tetracyclines

Answer 31

aerobic, anaerobic, gram +, gram -

Question 32

aminoglycosides and tetracylcines

Answer 32

inhibit bacterial protein synthesis at the translational level

Question 33

polymixins

Answer 33

alter bacterial cell mem perm

Question 34

pcn, cphalosporins, vanco

Answer 34

interfere with synthesis of cell wall

Question 35

erythromycin and clindamycin moa

Answer 35

inhibit bacterial synthesis at the translational level

Question 36

sulfonamides

Answer 36

inhibit microbial sythesis of folic acid

Question 37

doxorubicin (adrianmyci) used in

Answer 37

breast, bladder, bronchhogenic ca, bone

Question 38

doxoruicin (adrianmycin) complications

Answer 38

causes cardiomyopathy, acute l vent failure during anesthesia. non spec st-t chances, svt, pvcs.

Question 39

symptoms dosoruicin cardiomyopathy

Answer 39

insidious with dry cough to heart failure that is unresponsive to inotropic drugs

Question 40

bleomycin used for

Answer 40

testicular ca

Question 41

serious side effect bleomycin

Answer 41

pulmonary toxicity- produces pulmonary endothelial damage to necrosis type 1 and proliferation of type 2 alveolar cells. interstitial fibrosis develops and may progress to whole lung.

Question 42

pt with lymphoma may dev

Answer 42

hyperthermia, hypotension, hypovolemia

Question 43

bleomycin anesthesia imp

Answer 43

fio2 <30%, replace fluids with colloids instead of crystalloids

Question 44

limit fio2 in pt taking

Answer 44

bleomycin or mitomycin

Question 45

elements mh

Answer 45

tacycardia, tachypnea, labile bp, risk etco2, masseter muscle spasm, acidosis, hyperthermia, tea colored urine, mottled skin

Question 46

late comp mh

Answer 46

cerebral edema, myoglobinuric renal failure, consumptive coagulopathy, hepatic dysfunction, pulm edema

Question 47

tx mh

Answer 47

call for help, hyperventilate 100% 02 at 10l, dantrolene 2.5mg/kg up to 10

Question 48

dantrolene 1/2 time

Answer 48

5-8 hours