Antibiotics Affecting Protein Synthesis Flashcards Preview

Pharmacology Test #3 > Antibiotics Affecting Protein Synthesis > Flashcards

Flashcards in Antibiotics Affecting Protein Synthesis Deck (15)
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1
Q

what is the therapeutic outcome of tetracyclines?

A

bacteriostatic by inihibiting bacterial protein synthesis

BROAD SPECTRUM - remember this increases the risk for super infections

2
Q

what are some contraindications for tetracyclines?

A

Pregnancy (cat D) and lactation - affects developing bones (slows and deforms) and teeth (causes yellow/brown stains which is permanent)

Children younger than 8 - damages developing bones and teeth

3
Q

What are some adverse effects of tetracyclines?

A

GI effects - n/v, cramping, ESOPHAGEAL ULCERATIONS

hepatotoxic

suprainfections - AAPMC, oral, vaginal

Photosensitivity

decreased effectiveness of oral contraceptives

4
Q

What are some nursing considerations/patient teaching points for tetracyclines?

A

monitor and report GI symptoms

tell patient to avoid taking it at bedtime and avoid lying down a lot to reduce ulcerations

give doxycycline WITH meals - it is particularly harmful GI wise

hepatotoxicity is usually in higher doses

protect yourself from sun

watch out for AAPMC, oral, and vaginal suprainfections

All the usual patient teaching for antibiotics as well!!!

5
Q

Should tetracyclines be given on an empty stomach?

A

YES YES YES

except for doxycycline

6
Q

should tetracyclines be avoided in children and pregnancy?

A

YES YES YES

7
Q

What are some things that decrease the absorption of tetracyclines?

A

antacids

MOM

milk products

8
Q

What is the therapeutic outcome of macrolides?

A

bacteriostatic by inhibiting protein synthesis?

9
Q

What are some nursing considerations/adverse effects for macrolides?

A

GI effects (n/v) - take with meals

hepatotoxicity - monitor liver function if taking for longer than 1-2 weeks

prolonged QT interval (dysrhythmmias/sudden death) - avoid in patients with history of prolonged QT intervals

ototoxicity with high doses

10
Q

What are is the main patient teaching point for macrolides other than the usual?

A

take on an empty stomach if possible

11
Q

when is this medication commonly used?

A

When some has a penicillin allergy because they both act on similar bacteria.

12
Q

What is the therapeutic outcome of aminoglycosides?

A

bacteriocidal by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis

reserved for serious infections by gram-negative bacteria

13
Q

What are the big considerations for aminoglycoside?

A

pregnancy cat D

renal black box warning

hearing loss black box warning

14
Q

What are some nursing considerations/adverse effects for aminoglycosides?

A

nephrotoxicity - monitor and report

hearing loss (ototoxic) - monitor for ringing in the ear, HA, dizziness, vertigo; stop administration and notify physician

neurologic (numbness, tingling, weakness, optic nerve dysfunction (visual changes) - monitor and report

hypersensitivity - report any signs of allergic reaction (rash/urticaria)

15
Q

What would we specifically want to monitor when using aminoglycoside therapy, besides renal function?

A

peaks and troughs

Peak - 30 minutes after administration

trough - right before next dose

WE WOULD DRAW LEVELS AT THESE TIMES TO SEE IF THE PEAK LEVEL IS WITHIN THERAPEUTIC RANGE AND TO ALSO SEE IF THE TROUGH IS STILL IN THERAPEUTIC RANGE.