Medications for UTIs Flashcards Preview

Pharmacology Test #3 > Medications for UTIs > Flashcards

Flashcards in Medications for UTIs Deck (15)
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1
Q

What is the therapeutic outcome of sulfonamides?

A

bacteriostatic by inhibiting synthesis of folic acid

Patients with megaloblastic anemia should avoid taking this!

2
Q

What are some adverse effects of sulfonamides?

A

hypersensitivity & rashes (stephen-Johnson syndrome)

blood dyscrasias (anemia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia)

crystalluria (nephrotoxic)

photosensitivity

kernicterus (jaundice, elevated bilirubin) in infants

3
Q

What are some nursing considerations for sulfonamides?

A

Monitor for rash & hypersensitivity, stop at first sign, and report (stephen-johnson syndrome)

cross sensitivity with loop and thiazide diuretics (patients allergic to these may have an allergic reaction to sulfonamides)

monitor for signs of bleeding and infection (blood dyscrasias)

instruct the client to drink 2-3L water per day (crystalluria)

protect skin from sunlight (photosensitivity)

Pregnancy category D

dont administer to infants, 3rd trimester, breastfeeding (kernicterus)

4
Q

When are sulfonamides contraindicated because of their therapeutic action?

A

megaloblastic anemia (folic acid deficiency)

5
Q

What are some patient teaching points for sulfonamides?

A

the usual antibiotic teachings!!!

drink lots of fluid

dont take if folic acid deficient

avoid the sun

report signs of infection

monitor for signs of bleeding

take on empty stomach with full glass of water (increases absorption)

6
Q

What is the therapeutic action of urinary track antiseptics?

A

bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal action

BROAD SPECTRUM (suprainfection risk)

7
Q

What are some adverse effects of urinary tract antiseptics?

A

hypersensitivity reactions (mainly respiratory)

blood dyscrasias (anemia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia)

peripheral neuropathy (numbness tingling and muscle weakness)

GI

urine discoloration (harmless)

8
Q

What are some nursing considerations for urinary tract antiseptics?

A

monitor and report hypersensitivity reactions (respiratory particularly)

monitor and report bleeding and signs of infection, monitor CBC WBC (blood dyscrasias)

monitor and report any numbness, tingling, or weakness

take with meals to help GI symptoms

urine discoloration is harmless

9
Q

What is the therapeutic action of fluoroquinolones?

A

bacteriocidal by inhibiting DNA replication

BROAD SPECTRUM (SUPRAINFECTION RISK)

used for urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, and GI infections

10
Q

What are some adverse effects of fluoroquinolones?

A

black box warning!!! - increased risk of tendonitis and tendon rupture (achilles tendon)

suprainfections - oral, vaginal, GI

phototoxicity - severe sunburns

11
Q

What are some nursing considerations for fluoroquinolones?

A

AVOID USE IN CHILDREN UNDER 18 YEARS OF AGE - (tendonitis and tendon rupture)

monitor for signs of infections

avoid the sun!

12
Q

What are some patient teaching points for fluoroquinolones?

A

the usual teaching for antibiotics

also report any tendon pain or weakness (tendonitis)

13
Q

What is the therapeutic action of urinary tract analgesics?

A

azo dye that functions as a local anesthetic on the urinary tract mucosa; relieving burning and pain with urination

14
Q

What patients should avoid taking urinary tract analgesics?

A

patients with renal disease (interacts with renal tissue)

15
Q

What are some patient teaching points for urinary tract analgesics?

A

changes urine color to orange/red - harmless

urine may stain clothes

take with meals to prevent GI discomfort