antidotes Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is the antidote for anticholinergic toxicity?
Physostigmine
Physostigmine is a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, used to counteract the effects of anticholinergic agents.
What vitamin is used to counteract the effects of Isoniazid overdose?
Vit.B6 (Pyridoxine)
Pyridoxine is essential for the metabolism of Isoniazid and helps prevent neurotoxicity.
What drug is used to reverse the effects of Methotrexate?
Leucovorin
Leucovorin is a form of folate that helps to mitigate the toxic effects of Methotrexate.
What is the antidote for Digoxin toxicity?
Digifab
Digifab is an antibody fragment used to treat life-threatening Digoxin toxicity.
What is the role of Naloxone?
Opioid overdose reversal
Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that rapidly reverses the effects of opioid overdose.
Which drug can reverse the effects of Benzodiazepines?
Flumazenil
Flumazenil is a competitive antagonist at the benzodiazepine site of the GABA-A receptor.
What is the antidote for Warfarin overdose?
Vit.K
Vitamin K is used to restore clotting factors affected by Warfarin.
What treatment is used for Methemoglobinemia?
Methylene blue
Methylene blue acts as a reducing agent to convert methemoglobin back to hemoglobin.
What kind of agents are Atropine and Sevelamer classified as?
Cholinergic and phosphate binders
Atropine is an anticholinergic agent, while Sevelamer is used to control phosphorus levels in chronic kidney disease.
What is the antidote for Heparin overdose?
Protamine sulfate
Protamine sulfate neutralizes the anticoagulant effects of Heparin.
What is the specific reversal agent for Dabigatran?
Idarucizumab
Idarucizumab is a monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to Dabigatran.
What antidote is used for organophosphorus insecticide poisoning?
Pralidoxime
Pralidoxime reactivates acetylcholinesterase inhibited by organophosphates.
What is the treatment for extravasation of vasopressors?
Phentolamine
Phentolamine is an alpha-adrenergic antagonist used to mitigate tissue necrosis from extravasation.
What is the antidote for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose?
N-Acetyl cysteine
N-Acetyl cysteine replenishes glutathione and helps in detoxifying paracetamol metabolites.
What is the recommended treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning?
100% O2
Oxygen therapy helps displace carbon monoxide from hemoglobin.
What is the antidote for iron overdose?
Deferoxamine
Deferoxamine is a chelating agent used to treat iron toxicity.
What substance is used to treat lithium toxicity?
Sodium bicarbonate
Sodium bicarbonate can help to alkalinize urine and enhance lithium excretion.
What is the purpose of polystyrene sulfonate?
To treat hyperkalemia
Polystyrene sulfonate exchanges sodium for potassium in the intestine.
What is the chelating agent for lead poisoning?
CaEDTA
Calcium disodium edetate is used to bind lead and facilitate its excretion.
