Antifungal Agent Flashcards
(87 cards)
1
Q
The study of fungi
A
Mycology
2
Q
2 groups of mycoses
A
- Superficial
- Deep-seated (systemic)
3
Q
Most common mycoses in superficial
A
Dermatophytoses
4
Q
Other nterm of tinea versicolor
A
Pityriasis versicolor
5
Q
Tinea manuum
A
Hand
6
Q
Tinea versicolor commonly caused by?
A
Malassezia furfur
7
Q
Tinea corporis
A
The rest of the body
8
Q
Tinea capitis
A
Scalp
9
Q
Tinea cruris
A
Groin
10
Q
Tinea sycosis
A
Beard
11
Q
Tinea unguium
A
Nails
12
Q
Tinea pedis
A
Feet
13
Q
Common route of infection in deep-seated (systemic)
A
Inhalation
14
Q
Common opportunist
A
C. albicans
15
Q
both the skin and subcutaneous tissue are involved but typically no dissemination to the internal organs occurs
A
Subcutaneous mycoses
16
Q
occurs when the host is deprived of the normal defenses conferred by microbial flora
A
Opportunistic mycoses
17
Q
causative agents can adapt to the internal environment of their host
A
Systemic or deep-seated mycoses
18
Q
Bacterias in microbial flora
A
- E. coli
- Lactobacilli
19
Q
Fungi in microbial flora
A
Candida
20
Q
T/F Systemic is self limiting
A
True
21
Q
Fungal diseases
A
Mycoses
22
Q
TOPICAL AGENTS FOR DERMATOPHYTOSES
A
•FATTY ACIDS
•PHENOL & DERIVATIVES
23
Q
Another name of Propionic acid
A
Propanoic acid,
Ethylformic acid,
Methylacetic acid,
Carboxyethane,
Ethanecarboxylic acid
24
Q
Highly unstable in moisture
A
Zinc caprylate
25
Propionic acid is present in perspiration of what conc.?
0.01%
26
acidic, fatty, and a natural antifungal agent
Sebum
27
prepared from destructive distillation of castor oil
Undecylenic acid
28
2 other brand for Undecylenic acid
Desenex®, Cruex®
29
is also an antiseptic & keratolytic
Salicylic acid And resorcinol
30
hydrolyzed by esterases found in skin, producing acetic acid
Triacetin
31
2 other brands for Triacetin
Enzactin®, Fungacetin®
32
Other name of resorcinol
m-Hydroxyphenol,
1,3-Benzenediol,
1,3-Dihydroxybenzene,
Resorcin
33
available as anhydrous & monohydrate
Zinc propionate
34
T/F Sodium caprylate is available as solution, powder, and ointment
True
35
T/F Sodium caprylate is available as solution, ointment, powder, and emulsion (up to 10%)
Flase: Undecylenic acid (isavailable as solution, ointment, powder, and emulsion (up to 10%)
36
Other name of triacetin
Glyceryl triacetate,
Glycerin triacetate,
Glycerol triacetate
37
Triacetin produces ________ when hydrolyzed by esterases found in the skin.
Acetic acid
38
Other name of benzoic acid
Benzenecarboxylic acid,
Phenylcarboxylic acid,
Carboxybenzene
39
cannotpenetrate the outer layer of the skin, thats why it should be admixed with a keratolytic agent
Benzoic acid
40
Triacetin is hydrolyzed by esterases found in skin, producing _____.
Acetic acid
41
Whitfield's ointment, USP
• Benzoic acid + Salicylic acid
42
> available as a solution and cream (1%)
Haloprogin (Halotex®)
43
should be protected from light
Haloprogin
44
Ciclopirox other names
Ciclopirox ethanolamine, Ciclopiroxolamine
45
>aka lodochlorhydroxyquin
Clioquinol
46
Haloprogin brand name
Halotex
47
> also available as ointment and cream (3%)
Clioquinol
48
Flucytosine other name
5-Florocytosine, 5-FC
49
>orally active but with a very narrow spectrum of activity
Flucytosine
50
Flucytosine brand name
Ancobon®
51
available as a powder for skin conditions: atopic dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis, impetigo
Clioquinol
52
Clioquinol brand name
Vioform ®
53
only for the treatment of serious systemic infections caused by susceptible strains of Candida and Cryptococcus spp.
Flucytosine
54
MOA: penetration of fungal cell wall membrane, causing loss of cellular constituents
POLYENES
55
blocks the transport of amino acids into the cells
low conc.: fungistatic
56
>best use: for the treatment of athlete's foot & jock itch
Clioquinol
57
loss of membrane integrity and cellular constituents
high conc.: fungicidal
58
initially used as substitute for iodoform
Clioquinol
59
It’s source is Streptomyces spp.
POLYENES
60
aka pimaricin
Natamycin (Natacyn®)
61
oldest antifungal
Amphotericin B (Fungizone®)
62
from Streptococcus noursei or Streptomyces nourseiо
Nystatin (Mycostatin®)
63
38-membered:
Amphotericin B, Nystatin
64
26-membered
Natamycin
65
available as an ophthalmic suspension (1%) for the treatment of fungal conjunctivitis, blepharitis, and keratitis
Natamycin Natacyn®
66
resistance is rapidly developed & is very common - use only when needed
Flucytosine
67
> available as a cream, lotion, and ointment (3%)
Amphotericin B
68
nephrotoxic
Amphotericin B
69
not absorbed systemically and is too toxic to be administered parenterally
Nystatin
70
oral candidiasis:
"swish and swallow"
71
"swish and swallow"
Nystatin
72
strictly comply with the drug regimen to prevent reinfection
GRISEOFULVIN
73
GRISEOFULVIN brand names
Grifulvin®, Grisactin®, Gris-PEG®
74
also available as a 100-mg/mL oral suspension
Amphotericin B
75
used as a topical and oral antifungal agent
Nystatin
76
from Penicillium griseofulvum
GRISEOFULVIN
77
take with fatty food o r meal
GRISEOFULVIN
78
> dosage strength is expressed in terms of units: 1 mg of nystatin must contain not less than 2,000 U S units
Nystatin
79
MOA: "mitotic spindle poison"
GRISEOFULVIN
80
also used as an anticancer agent
Flucytosine
81
Active metabolite of Flucytosine
5-FU
82
available as cream and lotion (1%)
Ciclopirox olamine
83
Ciclopirox olamine brand name
Loprox
84
Other term for tinea unguium
Onchomycosis
85
MOA: Inhibit DNA & RNA synthesis
Flucytosine
86
second-line agent:
onchomycosis
87
MOA:
>low conc.: fungistatic - blocks the transport of amino acids into the cells
>high conc.: fungicidal - loss of membrane integrity and cellular constituents
Ciclopirox olamine
