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Principles of Disease BJ > Antifungals > Flashcards

Antifungals Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 main categories of antifungals?

A
  • Ergosterol binding
  • Inhibits Ergosterol synthesis
  • Inhibits glucanpolysaccharides synthesis
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2
Q

What are the glucanpolysaccharide syntehsis inhibitors called?

A

Echinocandins

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3
Q

What are the categories of ergosterol synthesis inhibitors?

A

Azoles (imidazoles - old & triazoles -new)

Allyamines

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4
Q

What are the egosterol binders called?

A

Polyenes

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5
Q

What are the 2 common polyenes?

A

Amphotericin B

Nystatin

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6
Q

What are the 2 imidazoles? (old azoles)

A

Miconazole

Ketoconazole

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7
Q

What are newer azoles (triazoles)?

A

Fluconazaole
Itraconazole
Voriconazole

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8
Q

What are the main echinocandins?

A

Caspofungin
Mycafungin
Anidulafungin

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9
Q

What do azoles & allyamines do?

A

Inhibit ergosterol sythesis inhibition

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10
Q

What do echinocandins do?

A

Inhibit synthesis of glucanpolysaccharides

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11
Q

What do polyenes do?

A

Bind to ergosterol

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12
Q

What are miconazole & ketoconazole?

A

Old Azoles (imidazoles)

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13
Q

What are fluconazole, Itraconazole & voriconazole?

A

Newer Azoles (Triazoles)

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14
Q

Amphotericin B & nystatin are what type of anti-fungal and how do they work?

A

Polyenes & they bind to ergosterol

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15
Q

What type of antifungal is terbinafine & how does it work?

A

An allyamine & it inhibits ergosterol synthesis

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16
Q

Together caspofungin, mycafungin & anidulafungin are?

A

Echinocandins

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17
Q

What do echinocandins act on?

A

Candida sp.

Aspergillus

18
Q

How do echinocandins affect candida?

A

Echinocandins are fungicidal toward candida spp.

19
Q

How do echinocandins affect aspergillus?

A

All echinocandins inhibit aspergillus growth

20
Q

What is fluconazole used for?

A

Yeasts

21
Q

What is itraconazole used for?

A 
Yeasts
Filamentous funghi (incl. Aspergillus & dermatophytes)
22
Q

What is voriconazole used for?

A

Aspergillosis

23
Q

What is terbinafine used for?

A

mainly dermatophytes

24
Q

What does ketoconazole target?

A

Topical infections

25
Q

What does miconazole target?

A

Yeast & dermatophytes

26
Q

What does amphotericin B & nystatin target?

A

Yeasts & filamentous funghi

27
Q

What do caspofungin, mycafungin & anidulafungin all act on?

A

Candida species fungicidially

Aspergillus species, inhibting growth

28
Q

What do allyamines target? (types)

A

Primarily Dermatophytes

Terbinafine

29
Q

What do various triazoles target?

A

Fluconazole - > yeasts
Itraconzaole -> Yeast & filamentous funghi (incl. Aspergillus & dermatophytes)
Voriconazole -> Aspergillosis

30
Q

What do the various imidazoles target?

A

Ketoconazole -> Topical infections

Miconazole -> Yeasts & dermatopytes (internal/external)

31
Q

The polyenes target?

A

Both target yeasts & filamentous funghi

amphotericin B & Nystatin

32
Q

Which antifungals treat yeasts?

A

Polyenes - Amphotericin B & Nystatin
Azoles - Miconazole, fluconazole, itraconazole
Echinocandins - all funicidal toward Candida

33
Q

Which antifungals would treat asperigillus?

A

Echinocandins - all inhibit its growth

Azoles - Itraconazole & Voriconazole

34
Q

What antifungals treat dermatophytes?

A

Allyamines - Terbinafine

Azoles - Miconazole, Itraconazole

35
Q

What antifungals treat filamentous funghi?

A

Polyenes - Amphotericin B & Nystatin

Azoles - Itraconazole

36
Q

What antifungals are delivered IV?

A

Polyene - Amphotericin B

37
Q

Which antifungals are delivered orally?

A

Polyene - Nystatin by oral suspension
Azole - Miconazole, Ketoconazole, fluconazole
Allyamine - Terbinafine

38
Q

What antifungals are specfically topical?

A

Polyene - Nystatin
Azoles - Miconazole & ketoconazole
Allyamines - terbinafine

39
Q

What is the big bad antifungal?

A

Amphotericin B

Extremely toxic to renal, hepatic & cardiac.

40
Q

Which antifungal is semingly untoxic?

A

Azole- Fluconazole

Principles of Disease BJ (47 decks)

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