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Principles of Disease BJ > Antivirals > Flashcards

Antivirals Flashcards

1
Q

How do most Anti-herpes drugs work?

A

Theyre nucleoside analgues that interfere with nucleic acid synthesis

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2
Q

What anti-herpes drugs arnt nucleoside analagues?

A

Foscarnet & Cidofovir

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3
Q

Name all the anti-herpes nucleoside analogues

A 
Aciclovir
Famciclovir
Vacciclovir
Ganciclovir
Valganciclovir (pro-ganciclovir)
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4
Q

What are the 3 categories of Anti-HIV drugs?

A

Nucleoside analogue
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Protease Inhibitor

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5
Q

What are the anti-viral nucleoside inhibitors?

A

Zidovudine (ZDV, AZT)

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6
Q

What are the non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors?

A

Nevirapine

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7
Q

What are the protease inhibitors?

A

Saquinovir

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8
Q

What drugs are used for Viral respiratory infections & which is a nucleoside analogue?

A

Oseltamavir
Zanamavir
Ribavarin (nucleoside analogue)

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9
Q

What are the 4 anti-virals for chronic HEP B or C?

A

Lamivudine
Adefovir Dipivoxil
Ribavarin
Interferon-alpha

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10
Q

Which chronic HEPB/C drug is a nucleoside analogue?

A

Lamivudine

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11
Q

Which antivirals target HSV?

A

Aciclovir
Famciclovir
Valaciclovir
Foscarnet

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12
Q

How would you treat shingles?

A

Famciclovir & valaciclovir

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13
Q

What would treat Varicella-Zoster Virus VZV?

A

Aciclovir

Foscarnet

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14
Q

How do you treat CMV?

A

Cidofovir
Valganciclovir
Ganciclovir
Foscarnet

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15
Q

What does foscarnet treat?

A

All 3 herpes viruses bar EBV

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16
Q

What does cidofovir treat?

A

CMV retinitis

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17
Q

What does aciclovir treat?

A

HSV & VZV

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18
Q

What does famciclovir & valciclovir treat?

A

HSV & shingles

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19
Q

What does Ganciclovir & valanciclovir treat?

A

CMV

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20
Q

How can aciclovir be given?

A

Orally
IV
Topically

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21
Q

Why would you avoid Aciclovir in someone with renal impairment?

A

It leads to neurological toxicity

22
Q

How are famciclovir & valciclovir given?

A

Orally

23
Q

How do we give ganciclovir & valganciclovir?

A

Ganciclovir - IV

Valganciclovir - Orally

24
Q

Whats dangerous about ganciclovir & Valganciclovir?

A

They have bone marrow toxicicty & require constant blood count monitoring

25
Q

Why do we only use Foscarnet in serious infections?

A

It can only be iven IV

And is extremely nephrotoxic

26
Q

How is HIV treated?

A

With combination therapy of:
Zidovudine
Nevirapine
Saquinavir

27
Q

All HIV drugs are quite toxic but what does zidovudine specifcally cause?

A

Anaemia & Neutropenia (selective depression of neutrophil cell line)

28
Q

Which chronic HEP B/C drug is part of the host immune response as well?

A

Interferon-alpha

29
Q

How do we administer interferon-alpha?

A

Subcutaneous

30
Q

Is interferon-alpha a safe treatment?

A

Not really its got serious side effects

31
Q

How would we use ribavarin?

A

Orally to treat Chronic HEP C

Inhalation to treat RSV

32
Q

What drug treats both HIV & HEP B?

A

Lamivudine

33
Q

How would we administer Lamivudine?

A

ORally

34
Q

Which drug treats purely HEP B & how do we take it?

A

Adefovir Dipivoxil taken orally will treat HEP B

35
Q

What two drugs are used for Influenza A/B?

A

Zanamavir

Oseltamavir

36
Q

Which antivirals treat HSV?

A

Aciclovir
Famciclovir
Valaciclovir
Foscarnet

37
Q

Which antivirals treat CMV?

A

Ganciclovir
Valganciclovir
Cidofovir
Foscarnet

38
Q

Which antivirals treat VZV?

A

Aciclovir

Foscarnet

39
Q

What drugs treat HIV?

A

Zamivudine
Sauinovir
Nevirapine
Lamivudine

40
Q

What drugs treat HEP B?

A

Interferon-alpha
Adefovir Dipivoxil
Lamivudine

41
Q

What treats respiratory syncitial virus?

A

Ribavarin

42
Q

What treats chroninc HEP C?

A

Ribavarin

43
Q

What treats influenza A/B?

A

Oseltamavir

Zanamavir

44
Q

Which antivirals are orally prescribed?

A 
Adefovir Dipixoil (HEP B)
Lamivduine (HEP B)
Ribavarin (HEP C)
Valganciclovir (CMV)
Aciclovir (HSV)
Valciclovir (HSV & shingles)
Famciclovir (HSV & shingles)
45
Q

What antivirals are iven IV?

A

Aciclovir (VSV)
Ganciclovir (CMV)
Foscarnet (HSV,VSV,CMV)

46
Q

What antivirals are given topically?

A

Aciclovir (HSV)

47
Q

What antiviral causes neurological toxicity?

A

Aciclovir

48
Q

What antiviral causes Bone marrow toxiicty?

A

Ganciclovir

Valganciclovir

49
Q

Which antibirals are highly nephrotoxic?

A

Foscarnet

50
Q

Which antiviral can cause neutropenia?

A

Zidovudine, also causes anaemia

Principles of Disease BJ (47 decks)

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