Antihyperlipidemics

Question 0

hyperlipidemia

Answer 0

elevated serum cholesterol

Question 1

antihyperlipidemic classes

Answer 1

-ind. for hyperlipidemia
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
fibric acid derivatives
bile acid sequestrants
cholesterol absorption inhibitors

Question 2

optimum cholesterol levels

Answer 2

• HDL: >40mg/dL (60mg/dL is better, negative risk factor)

- LDL (healthy, no risk factors): <150mg/dL

Question 3

goal of cholesterol therapy

Answer 3

• low LDL and triglycerides, high HDL
• -high HDL helps to lower LDL
• -raise HDL non-pharmacologically by aerobic exercise

Question 4

hypertriglyceridemia

Answer 4

elevated triglyceride levels in the blood

Question 5

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (8)

Answer 5

-a.k.a. statins
-enzyme necessary for cholesterol formation
Lescol
Pravachol
Zocor
Lipitor
Crestor
Livalo
Mevacor
Altoprev

Question 6

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor pt. counseling

Answer 6

• may cause muscle pain or weakness or rhabdomyolysis
• avoid in pregnancy
• best to take in pregnancy

Question 7

Lescol

Answer 7

fluvastatin

-HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

Question 8

Pravachol

Answer 8

pravastatin

-HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

Question 9

Zocor

Answer 9

simvastatin

-HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

Question 10

Lipitor

Answer 10

atorvastatin

-HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

Question 11

Crestor

Answer 11

rosuvastatin

-HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

Question 12

Livalo

Answer 12

pitavastatin

-HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

Question 13

Mevacor

Answer 13

lovastatin IR

• HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
• take WITH food*

Question 14

Altoprev

Answer 14

lovastatin ER

• HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
• take on ES*

Question 15

fibric acid derivatives (6)

Answer 15

-mainly used to lower triglycerides
Lopid
Tricor
Triglide
Lofibra
Antara
Trilipix

Question 16

fibric acid derivative pt. counseling

Answer 16

-do not take with statins because it increases risk of rhabdomyolysis EXCEPT Trilipix

Question 17

Lopid

Answer 17

gemfibrozil

• fibric acid derivative
• take on ES*

Question 18

Tricor, Triglide, Antara

Answer 18

fenofibrate

-fibric acid derivative

Question 19

Lofibra

Answer 19

fenofibrate

• fibric acid derivative
• take WITH food*

Question 20

Trilipix

Answer 20

fenofibric acid

• fibric acid derivative
• active metabolite of fenofibrate

Question 21

bile acid sequestrant MOA

Answer 21

-form complexes with bile acids in the GI Tract, complexes are excreted in the stool, then body uses own cholesterol to make more bile acids which lowers serum cholesterol

Question 22

bile acid sequestrant pt. counseling

Answer 22

• are all powders for oral suspension, so mix with water and drink
• very constipating
• take with plenty of water
• take other medications 1 hour before or 4 hours after because these bind with other drugs and interfere with their absorption

Question 23

bile acid sequestrants (4)

Answer 23

Questran
Prevalite
Colestid
Welchol

Question 24

Questran, Prevalite

Answer 24

cholestyramine | -bile acid sequestrant

Question 25

Colestid

Answer 25

colestipol | -bile acid sequestrant

Question 26

Welchol

Answer 26

colesevelam - bile acid sequestrant - also ind. for type II diabetes as adjunctive therapy - daily dose: 3.75g/day - 625mg tablet: 6 tabs qday or 3 tabs BID - powder for oral suspension: 3.75g qday or 1.875g BID

Question 27

Zetia

Answer 27

ezetimibe -cholesterol absorption inhibitor - prevents cholesterol absorption in the intestines which lowers total blood cholesterol level

Question 28

Niaspan

Answer 28

niacin - antihyperlipidemic - take 325mg aspirin or 200mg ibuprofen 30 minutes before taking to avoid flushing

Question 29

Advicor

Answer 29

lovastatin IR, niacin - HMG CoA-reductase inhibitor, antihyperlipidemic * take WITH food*

Question 30

Simcor

Answer 30

simvastatin, niacin - HMG CoA-reductase inhibitor, antihyperlipidemic * take WITH food*

Question 31

Lovaza

Answer 31

omega-3 fatty acids - antihyperlipidemic - daily dose: 4g - 1g capsule: 4 caps qday or 2 caps BID * Warning: if allergic to peanuts, do NOT take* contains soybean oil