Antiparasitic Agents

Question 1

Chloroquine MOA

Answer 1

Prevents polymerization of heme

Question 2

Chloroquine SE

Answer 2

pruritis

Question 3

Where are chloroquine susceptible P. falciparum found?

Answer 3

Central America, Caribbean, Middle East

Question 4

Mefloquine Indication

Answer 4

Prophylaxis and treatment of all forms of malaria (including chloroquine resistant p. fal)

Question 5

Mefloquine SE

Answer 5

Neuropsychiatric toxicity (black box warning)

Question 6

Malarone (Atovaquone + Proguanil) MOA

Answer 6

Inhibits parasite mitochondrial electron transport

Question 7

Malarone (Atovaquone + Proguanil) Indications

Answer 7

Better tolerated than mefloquine for prophylaxis

Question 8

Doxycycline MOA

Answer 8

Protein syntesis inhibition

Question 9

Doxycycline Indication

Answer 9

DOC for prophylaxis against mefloquine-resistant p. fal

Question 10

Doxycycline SE

Answer 10

Dental issues (DO NOT give to pregnant or children)

Question 11

Quine and Quinidine Indication

Answer 11

Severe disease with chloroquine resistant p. fal

Must use with 2nd agent (doxycycline)

Question 12

Quinine and Quinidine SE

Answer 12

Cinchonism (headache, nausea, visual disturbance, tinnitus, dizzy)

Question 13

What is safe in pregnant?

Answer 13

Quinine

Question 14

Primaquine Indication

Answer 14

Exoerythrocytic forms of vivax and ovale

Question 15

Primaquine Contraindications

Answer 15

G6PD deficiency > hemolysis

Question 16

Artemisinin MOA

Answer 16

production of toxic free radicals in parasite food vacuole

Question 17

ACT: Artimisinin combination therapy

Answer 17

Use with mefloquine

Question 18

Chloroquine Indication

Answer 18

Prophylaxis: only in areas without resistant p. falciparum
Treatment: p. malariae, p. vivax and p. ovale (add primaquine), CQ sensitive p. fal

Question 19

Treatment of CQ-sensitive p. fal

Answer 19

Cloroquine

Question 20

Treatment of p. vivax and ovale

Answer 20

Chloroquine + Primaquine

Question 21

Treatment of CQ-R p. fal, uncomplicated

Answer 21

Atovaquone-proguanil (malarone)
Artemether-lumefantrine (Coartem)
Quinine + doxy, tetra, clinda
Mefloquine

Question 22

Malaria Prevention

Answer 22

CQ (w/o res p. fal)
Mefloquine
Atovaquone + proguanil (malarone)
Doxycycline
Primaquine (p. vivax, ovale)

Question 23

Treatment of CQ-R p. fal, complicated

Answer 23

Quinidine + doxy, clinda
Artemisinin drugs
Transfusion if parasite >10%

Question 24

Complicated malaria defintion

Answer 24

coma, severely altered mental status, parasitemia >5%, seizures, respiratory distress, shock

Question 25

Rx Amebiasis

Answer 25

Asymptomatic: Iodoquinol or Paromomycin | Colitis, liver abscess, ameboma: metronidazole + luminal agent

Question 26

Rx Giardiasis

Answer 26

Metronidazole, nitazoxanide, albendazole

Question 27

Rx Cryptosporidiosis

Answer 27

Restore immune response in HIV | Nitazoxanide

Question 28

Rx Toxoplasmosis

Answer 28

Pyrimethamine + Sulfadiazine or clinda

Question 29

Rx Leishmaniasis

Answer 29

Sodium Stibogluconate | Amphotericin B

Question 30

Rx Trypanosomiasis

Answer 30

African: Suramin, melarsoprol, American: Nifurimox

Question 31

Nifurtimox AE

Answer 31

COMMON: GI, rash, CNS

Question 32

Rx Neurocysticercosis (taenia solium)

Answer 32

Albendazole, Praziquantel

Question 33

Albendazole SE

Answer 33

Elevated aminotransferases, GI effects

Question 34

Praziquantel CI

Answer 34

ocular cysticercosis

Question 35

Mebendazole CI

Answer 35

first trimester, children under two

Question 36

Pyrantel Pamoate Indication

Answer 36

pinworm, ascaris, hookworm

Question 37

Pyrantel Pamoate MOA

Answer 37

depolarizing neuromuscular blocking > worm paralysis

Question 38

Rx Filariasis

Answer 38

Diethylcarbamazine

Question 39

Rx Onchoceriasis

Answer 39

Ivermectin

Question 40

Ivermectin Indication

Answer 40

Strongyloidiasis and onchocerciasis

Question 41

Ivermectin MOA

Answer 41

Paralyzes nematodes/arthropods (GABA mediated signals)

Question 42

Ivermectin AE

Answer 42

Hypersensitivity from worm death (Mazotti reaction)