Antitubercular

Question 1

what is tuberculosis?

Answer 1

granulomas in the lungs, and causes inflammation in the lungs

Question 2

how is tuberculosis passed through?

Answer 2

droplets, coughing and sneezing, inhalation

Question 3

who are the most commonly affected group in Canada that are infected with TB?

Answer 3

indigenous

Question 4

what drugs that multi drug resistant tuberculosis are resistant to?

Answer 4

isoniazid, and rifampin

Question 5

how long do close contact patients of MDR-TB need to be treated for?

Answer 5

6-9 months

Question 6

what is TB drug is used for primary treatment of TB?

Answer 6

Isoniazid

Question 7

why do we use two drugs in the beginning of therapy and then three at the end of therapy

Answer 7

to prevent multi-drug resistance

Question 8

what are the first line anti tubercular drugs?

Answer 8

isoniazid (primary)
ethambutol hydrochloride
pyrazinamide
rifampin

Question 9

what are the second line drugs for tb?

Answer 9

amikacin sulphate
levofloxacin hemihydrate
moxifloxacin hydrochloride

Question 10

what drug should we watch out for people who are called “slow acetylators”

Answer 10

isoniazid

Question 11

what are the adverse effects of isoniazid

Answer 11

peripheral neuritis, hepatotoxicity, hyperglycaemia doscolouration of body fluids

Question 12

what do we give patients who are on isoniazid?

Answer 12

B6

Question 13

can you give children under the age of 13 ethambutol hcl?

Answer 13

no

Question 14

what are some adverse effects with ethambutol hcl?

Answer 14

visual Changs (optic neuritis, blindness, altered colour perception)

Question 15

what are contraindications for pyrazinamide?

Answer 15

gout and severe liver disease, and pregnancy

Question 16

what are adverse effects of rifampin?

Answer 16

discolouration of: skin, tears, sweat, faces, sputum, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, and tongue

Question 17

what is a purified protein derivative?

Answer 17

a tb injection test (0.1 mL, under the skin)

Question 18

BCG (bacille calmette-guerin) vacine

Answer 18

used around the world, and for the FN people in the north west

Question 19

what are the major effects of anti tubercular therapy?

Answer 19

reduction of cough, reduction of infectious disease

Question 20

can most cases of TB be cured?

Answer 20

yes

Question 21

how long does drug therapy become effective?

Answer 21

2 weeks

Question 22

how long does a successful treatment of TB usually take?

Answer 22

6-12 months

Question 23

why do we usually begin with a lot of drugs in the beginning?

Answer 23

to prevent any form of drug tolerance

Question 24

how do we know to adjust the drugs that someone is taking, during the course

Answer 24

we can adjust after doing a culture on the mycobacterium

Question 25

what should be the patient teachings for this drug?

Answer 25

we should teach them to keep taking the drug, no matter what

Question 26

Effectiveness depends on

Answer 26

Type of infection
Adequate dosing
Sufficient duration of treatment
Adherence to drug regimen
Selection of an effective drug combination

Question 27

what is a primary nursing assessment for someone who is going to take INH or rifampin

Answer 27

do a liver assessment, especially if they are a hard core alcohol drinker

Question 28

“Rifampin causes oral contraceptives to become ineffective; another form of birth control is needed.”
True or false?

Answer 28

Forda true

Question 29

“Patients who are taking rifampin should be told that their urine, stool, saliva, sputum, sweat, or tears may become reddish orange; even contact lenses may be stained”
True or false

Answer 29

Forda true

Question 30

“Pyridoxine may be needed to combat neurological adverse effects associated with INH therapy”
True or false

Answer 30

Forda true