Antiviral Agents: HIV Infections Flashcards Preview

Pharmacology Part 2 > Antiviral Agents: HIV Infections > Flashcards

Flashcards in Antiviral Agents: HIV Infections Deck (14)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)

A
MOA: decrease viral DNA synthesis 
Activation required -P
Renal elimination 
Well tolerated 
AE: N/V/D, headache, neuropathy, pancreatitis, anemia
2
Q

Mechanisms of action

1) ⬇️ entry into host cell
2) ⬇️ conversion of viral RNA to DNA
3) ⬇️ integration of viral DNA into host DNA
4) ⬇️ processing of viral polyprotiens

A

1) enfluvirtide, maraviroc
2) reverse transcriptase inhibitors, NRTIs, NNRTIs
3) integrase inhibitors, ratelgravir, elvitegravir
4) protease inhibitors

3
Q

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)

HIV

A

MOA: direct inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, enzyme inhibitor
-admin in active form
* no activation required
-not as well tolerated as NRTIs
AE: sensitive to gastric pH (food/no food)
Rash, hepatotoxicty
⬆️ drug inx riskenzyme inducers

4
Q

Protease inhibitors

HIV

A

MOA: inhibit final step in HIV maturation
*⬆️ drug inx: inhibit metabolism/transport of other drugs
-“ritonavir boosting”- on purpose drug rxn to ⬆️ resistance ability
*class wide: drugs sensitive to gastric pH
AE: hyperglycemia, DM, dislipidemia, fat maldistribution, ⬇️ bone density, hepatotoxicty, n/v/d, weakness

5
Q

Cobicistat (tyboost)

-“boosting agent”

A

Strong inhibitor of CYP mediated drug metabolism, on purpose to cause drug inx

  • to increase the concentration of other antiviral drugs
  • take w/food
  • no actual antiviral activity
  • ⬇️ resistance ability
6
Q

Integrase inhibitors

HIV

A

MOA: inhibits viral DNA replication
* metabolized by step 2- glucoronidation
* available always in combo product (stribild)
AE: d/n, HA, fatigue, itching, possible myalgia/Rhabdomyalgia

7
Q

HIV fusion inhibitor

-enfluvirtide (fuzeon)

A

MOA: inhibits entry of HIV into CD4 cells
*SQ injection-rxns:rotate sites
-⬇️ drug inx risk
AE: bacterial pneumonia, hypersensitivity rxn

8
Q

CCR5 antagonist

-Maraviric (selzentry)

A

MOA: inhibits viral entry into CD4 cells
-doesn’t work on every strain
* requires test to determine if it will work
-PO
AE: cough, dizzy, fever, rash, abdominal pain, musculoskeletal symptoms, hepatotoxicty

9
Q
Zidovudine 
*Abacavir: hypersensitivity rxn, genetic test needed 
Didanosine
Tenofovir
Stavudine
Entecavir
Lamivudine
Emtricitabine
A

NRTI’s

HIV

10
Q
*Efavirenz: inx w/ bc pills 
Etravirine
Rilpivirine 
Nevirapine
Delavirdine
*all enzyme Inducers
A

NNRTI’s

HIV

11
Q
Lopinavir
Atazanavir
*ritonavir
Fosamprenavir
Saquinavir
Tipranavir
Indinavir
Darunavir
A

Protease inhibitors

HIV

12
Q

Raltegravir
Elvitegravir
Dolutegravir

A

Integrase inhibitors

HIV

13
Q

Enfluvirtide (fuzeon)

A

HIV infusion Inhibitor

-entry inhibitor

14
Q

Maraviroc (selzentry)

A

CCR5 antagonist

-entry inhibitor