Antivirals

Question 1

Purine Analog

Answer 1

-vir’s: Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, Ganciclovir
MOA: stops replication of herpes viral DNA by competitive inhibition of viral DNA polymerase; reduces time to heal lesions
Monitor Renal fxn
A/E: sz, dizzy, n/v/d, renal failure, thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura, pain, phlebitis
Acyclovir/Valacyclovir Indications: HSV-1, HSV2, VZV HHV-3
Ganciclovir Indications: specific for CMV retinitis and CMV disease (HHV-5) which can cause mono
Ganciclovir- can cause bone marrow suppression, can be used prophylactically

Question 2

Antivirals

Answer 2

• May cause orthostatic hpn
• Suppress virus do not cure
• TAKE WITH FOOD to prevent GI upset
• wear gloves when applying topical meds
• Can harm healthy cells

Question 3

Neuraminidase Inhibitor Meds

Answer 3

-vir's: Oseltamivir (Tamiflu), Zanamivir (Relenza)
MOA: inhibits budding virions' escape from infected cells; speeds recovery. 
Take 2 days after symptoms
Indications: influenza type A and B
Tamiflu may be used prophylactically
A/E Tamiflu: n/v
A/E Relenza: d/v, sinusitis 
both A/E: sz, agitation, hallucinations

Question 4

List antiviral meds to tx hepatitis

Answer 4

Ribavirin (Virazole), Simeprevir (Olysio), Sofosbivir (Solvadi), Telbivudine (Tyzeka)

Question 5

Ribavirin (Virazole)

Answer 5

Indications: Hep C (oral form), RSV (inhalation form)
MOA: inhibits DNA/ RNA synthesis
CATEGORY X
A/E: blurred vision, cardiac arrest, hemolytic anemia, homicidal idealation, SI, depression, Stevens Johnson, teratogenic effects (must be on contraceptive)

Question 6

Simeprevir (Olysio)

Answer 6

Indications: Hep C
MOA: inhibits viral replication
CATEGORY X if used in combinations
Take WITH food
May cause photosensitivity

Question 7

Sofosbivir (Solvadi)

Answer 7

Indication: Chronic Hep C
MOA: inhibits viral replication
CATEGORY X if used in combinations

Question 8

Telbivudine (Tyzeka)

Answer 8

Indication: Chronic Hep B
MOA: inhibits viral replication
Category B
Can cause lactic acidosis
Dose adjust for renal failure