Anxiety Flashcards
(8 cards)
What was Johnsons and Scotts procedure
ppts were separated in 2 conditions
one condition was where they overheard some equipment not working and a man left the laboratory with a pen and grease on his hand, and the other condition was where they heard overheat a heated argument and glass breaking and a man leaving the laboratory carrying a knife full of blood
Ppts were given 50 photos to recall the man
What was Johnsons and Scotts Findings
49% could recall the man from condition 1 (low anxiety)
33% could recall the man from condition 2 (high anxiety)
the recall of the man was lower because the ppts were focused on the weapon with blood instead of the man (tunnel theory memory)
What is the tunnel theory memory
when ppts main focus was the weapon because it is a source of danger and anxiety
What was the inverted U theory
where yerkes and dodgson argued that high level of anxiety DECREASED recall
What did Yuille and Cutshall find
high level of anxiety increases recall which is a positive effect
e.g. after 5 months yuille and cutshall interviewed the witnesses. they found out high level of accuracy after 5 months 93% in comparison to 75% where police interviewed them straight away
Whats an advantage of Anxiety EWT (Yuille Cutshall)
Yuille and Cutshall has high ecological validity so more realistic + reliable
Witnesses were asked to interview about the crime which was realistic
Whats are disadvantages of Anxiety EWT (Yuille Cutshall)
Lack of control over extraneous variables because ppts could have been influenced by post event discussions
small sample only 13 witnesses so it lacks generalisability and its therefore less representative + reliable so it can lead to low external + population validity
Whats an disadvantage of Anxiety EWT (Johnson Scott)
demand characteristics
unethical
low ecological validity because it lab study so less external validity so less reliable and cant be generalised and cant be applicable to real world applications
