Anxiety, Depression and Exercise Flashcards
(37 cards)
Mental Health
Successful performance of mental function, resulting in productive activities, fulfilling relationships, and the ability to adapt to change and to cope with adversity
Mental Illness
Collectively refers to all diagnosable mental disorders
Mental Health Problems
Signs/Symptoms of insufficient intensity or duration to meet the criteria/diagnosis for mental disorders
- are sufficient to warrant efforts in health promotion, prevention and treatment
Prevalence of mental illness
1 in 5 Canadians
By the time Canadians reach 40 years of age, 1 in 2 have or have had a mental illness
Who is effected by mental illness
- 70% of mental health problems have their onset during childhood or adolescence
- Young people aged 15 to 24 are more likely to experience mental illness and/or substance use disorders than any other age group
- 1 in 3 Canadian university students report moderate-to-severe anxiety, stress or depression
Def: Anxiety
Pathological counterpart of normal fear, manifest by disturbances of mood, as well as of thinking, behaviour, and physiological activity
Anxiety can become clinical when it results in what
- Behavioral and cognitive changes
- Without a triggering event or threat
- Disproportionate and unmanageable response
Anxiety Disorders
- Panic Disorder and agoraphobia
- Social anxiety disorder
- Specific phobias
- Generalized anxiety disorder
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder
- Post-traumatic stress disorder
Symptomatology of anxiety
- Unpleasant feelings
- Bodily Symptoms
- Changes in cognitions
- Change in behavior
- Vigilance
Key components of GAD`
- Occurring more days than not
- Difficult to control
- Not attributable
Treatments of Anxiety
- Medications
- Psychotherapy (CBT)
Limitations of traditional treatments for anxiety
- Costly
- Side effects
- Time consuming
State Anxiety
A transient emotional state characterized by feelings of apprehension, doom, threat
- Heightened ANS activity
Trait Anxiety
A more general predisposition to respond with apprehension, worry, and nervousness across many situations
- Increased restlessness, difficulty making decisions, feelings of inadequancy
Psychological Measures of anxiety
Self-reports
Physiological measures of Anxiety
- Muscle tension, via EMG
- Blood pressure and HR
- Skin responses
- CNS
Def: Mood disorders
Disorders that influence mood regulation beyond the usual variations between sadness and happiness/excitement
Prevalence of Mood disorders
Approximately 1 in 10 Canadians will be diagnosed with MDD at some point in their life
Common symptoms of depression
- Feelings of sadness or guilt
- Disturbances in appetite or sleep patterns
- Lack of energy
- Difficulty concentrating
- Loss of interest in all/most activities
- Memory problems
- Thoughts of suicide
- Halluncinations
Main Depressive disorders
- Major depressive disorder (Depressive mood)
- Bipolar Disorder (Mania and depression)
- Dysthymia
- Cyclothymia (Depression and mania - less intense)
Criteria for Major Depressive Disorders
- Depressed mood most of the day nearly every day
- Diminished interest/pleasure in all or most activities
- Excessive/inappropriate guilt
Prevalence of MDD
- Women affected 2x more often then men
- Tremendous economic burden
Economic burden of depression on society
- At least 12 billion days of lost productivity per year, costing approximately 925 billion USD
- Account for 14% of years of life lost due to disability
- Rank 2nd only to cardiovascular disease in disease in industrialized nations
Causes of MDD
- Not well understood
- Interaction of genetic, physiological and psychosocial factors
- Responses to stressful events vary by individual
