Anxiety Disorder Flashcards
(20 cards)
somatic sx of anxiety
cardiac-respiratory (tachycardia, CP, SOB, palpitations)
neurologic (HA, lightheadedness, trembling, tingling)
GI (diarrhea, abd pain, constipation, diff swallowing)
autonomic (diaphoresis, urinary freq, erectile failure, dry mouth)
psychological sx of anxiety
AFFECTIVE SX: Range in severity from mild (edginess) to severe (terror, the feeling that one is “going to die” or “lose control”)
COGNITIONS: worry, apprehension, obsessions and thoughts about emotional or bodily damage
Behavioral Changes due to anxiety
- Restricted daily activity: (Avoidance) or Homebound (Withdrawal)
- Dependent on companions
- Obsessive or compulsive
- Seeking medical care for somatic symptoms
- Unable to work
generalized anxiety disorder
xs anxiety and worrying (e.g. about work, school, personal situations) for at least 6 mo.
3/6 sx:
- Restlessness,
- Easily fatigued
- Difficulty concentrating
- Irritability
- Muscle tension
- Insomnia
-more chronic, but less intense than panic anxiety, which occurs in brief, but very intense episodes
How is paranoia different in social phobia than in schizophrenia
Pt with Social Phobia may appear superficially to resemble paranoid pts, because they are very self- conscious and may think people are looking at them or talking about them.
However, while the schizophrenic paranoid pt locates the problem in others (“They are out to harm me”) the socially phobic pt locates the problem in him/herself (“I look or act odd, people are noticing it.”)
panic disorder
A discrete period of intense fear or discomfort, typically with a sense of impending catastrophe such as losing control, dying, or going crazy.
Associated with a range of somatic sx and may be associated w/ derealization and/or depersonalization
somatic sx of panic disorder
- Cardiac: palpitations, tachycardia, chest pain
- Pulmonary : shortness of breath
- Gastrointestinal : nausea, abdominal distress
- Neurological : shaking, dizziness, faintness, paresthesias
- Autonomic arousal: sweating, chills, hot flashes
social phobia
- fear of social OR performance situations where person will be w/ unfamiliar ppl/scrutinized and humiliated/embarrassed
- the patient will have anxiety of panic attacks
- the pt knows it is unreasonable
- pt will avoid social situations or endure w/ intense anxiety/distress
- interferes w/ pt’s life
generalized type –> any social situation
performance anxiety –> limited to performance situations (public speaking)
PTSD pts first experienced traumatic event, then…
- reexpereience traumatic event
- hyperarousal, hypervigilant
- avoidance or numbing
- negative cognitions
trauma
Experienced, witnessed, or confronted an event that involved actual or threatened death, serious injury or threat to the physical integrity of self or others. The person’s response involved intense fear, helplessness or horror.
To meet the PTSD diagnosis criteria the patient need to have at least one re-experience sx…
- Intrusive recollection
- Nightmares
- Flashbacks
- Psychological distress at cues resembling events
- Physical reactivity to cues resembling event
To meet the PTSD diagnosis criteria the patient need to have at least three avoidance sx….
- Thoughts, feeling or conversations*
- Activities, places or people*
- Inability to recall part of trauma
- ↓ interest in activities
- Estrangement from others
- Restricted range of affect
- Sense of shorted life
To meet the PTSD diagnosis criteria the patient need to have at least two increased arousal sx…
- Sleep disturbance
- Irritability or outburst of anger
- Hypervigilance
- Exaggerated startle response
- Difficulty concentrating
Negative Cognitions (PTSD)
- Clouded memory of the event.
- Distorted evaluations of self or life.
- Detachment, estrangement, diminished interest.
- Persistent focus on catastrophe and negativity.
Complex PTSD
A syndrome that include additional symptoms found in long-term trauma victims
- Affective dysregulation
- Poor impulse control
- Dissociation
- Somatization
- Self-destructive behaviors
- Preoccupation with the perpetrator
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder:
4 criteria of Obsessions
- Intrusive and inappropriate, cause marked anxiety and distress.
- Not simply worries about real-life problems
- Attempts are made to ignore obsessions or neutralize them with some other thoughts or action.
- The person recognizes the obsession as a product of his/her own mind, rather than imposed from the outside as in thought insertion
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder:
Compulsions
- repetitive behaviors or mental acts that pt feels driven to perform in response to an obsession or according to rules that must be applied rigidly
- aimed at preventing or reducing distress or preventing some dreaded event or situation; however NOT connected in a realistic way with what they are designed to neutralized or prevent or are clearly excessive
Obsessions are most related to
fears of contamination, harm or danger
Medications Which Can Cause Anxiety Symptoms
Stimulants (caffeine) Thyroid supplementation Antidepressants Corticosteroids Oral contraceptives Bronchodilators Decongestants Abrupt withdrawal of CNS depressants -Alcohol -Barbiturates -Benzodiazepines
Secondary Anxiety Sx
endocrine (thyroid, parathyroid, hypoglycemia, Cushings)
cardio-respiratory (angina, PE, CHF)
AI
seizures
substance use
