Aorta and Elastic Arteries

Question 1

Anatomy of Heart

Answer 1

Question 2

Systolic and Diastolic Pressures

Answer 2

Systolic Pressure: The maximum pressure, typically around 120 mmHg.
Diastolic Pressure: The minimum pressure, typically around 80 mmHg.

Question 3

Diagram showing proportions of endothelium, elastin, smooth muscle and collagen in veins capillaries and arteries

Answer 3

Endothelium: The innermost layer, providing a smooth lining for blood flow.
Elastin: Provides elasticity, allowing the artery to stretch and accommodate blood pressure changes.
Smooth Muscle: Helps regulate blood pressure and flow by contracting and relaxing.
Collagen: Offers structural support and strength to the artery.

Question 4

Layers of Arteries

Answer 4

Tunica Externa: The outermost layer, providing protection and structural support.
Tunica Media: The middle layer, rich in smooth muscle and elastin, crucial for maintaining blood pressure and flow.
Tunica Intima: The innermost layer, consisting of the endothelium, which ensures

Question 5

Windkessel Effect

Answer 5

Question 6

Arterial Blood Pressure Equations

Answer 6

Question 7

Equation for Flow

Answer 7

Flow = Pressure / Resistance

Question 8

main contributors to systolic and diastolic pressure

Answer 8

Systole:
The phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood out of the ventricles into the arteries.

Diastole:
The phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart muscle relaxes and the chambers fill with blood.