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AP Gov Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the main purpose of the Articles of Confederation?

A

To establish a confederation of sovereign states and a weak central government.

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2
Q

Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?

A

The 13th Amendment.

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3
Q

True or False: The Bill of Rights consists of the first ten amendments to the Constitution.

A

True.

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4
Q

What is the significance of the case Marbury v. Madison (1803)?

A

It established the principle of judicial review.

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5
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ Amendment grants citizens the right to bear arms.

A

2nd

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6
Q

Which article of the Constitution outlines the legislative branch?

A

Article I.

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7
Q

What does the 1st Amendment protect?

A

Freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition.

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8
Q

List one power denied to Congress by the Constitution.

A

The power to grant titles of nobility.

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9
Q

What was the outcome of Brown v. Board of Education (1954)?

A

It declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.

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10
Q

True or False: The 18th Amendment established the prohibition of alcohol.

A

True.

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11
Q

Which amendment granted women the right to vote?

A

The 19th Amendment.

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12
Q

What is the main role of the executive branch?

A

To enforce and implement laws.

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13
Q

In which case did the Supreme Court rule that ‘one person, one vote’ must be followed?

A

Baker v. Carr (1962).

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14
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ Amendment prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures.

A

4th

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15
Q

What is federalism?

A

A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units.

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16
Q

Which amendment repealed the 18th Amendment?

A

The 21st Amendment.

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17
Q

What does the 5th Amendment guarantee?

A

The right to due process and protection against self-incrimination.

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18
Q

True or False: The Constitution can be amended by a two-thirds vote in Congress.

A

True.

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19
Q

Which case established the principle of ‘separate but equal’?

A

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896).

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20
Q

What is the term for the division of government power between branches?

A

Separation of powers.

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21
Q

The 6th Amendment guarantees what rights?

A

The right to a fair and speedy trial, and the right to counsel.

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22
Q

What does the 10th Amendment state?

A

Powers not delegated to the federal government are reserved to the states or the people.

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23
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ Amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishment.

A

8th

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24
Q

What was the main outcome of the case Roe v. Wade (1973)?

A

It established a woman’s legal right to have an abortion.

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25
Which article of the Constitution addresses the judiciary?
Article III.
26
What is the primary function of the legislative branch?
To make laws.
27
Which amendment granted the right to vote to citizens aged 18 and older?
The 26th Amendment.
28
True or False: The Constitution originally included the Bill of Rights.
False.
29
What does the 14th Amendment address?
Citizenship rights and equal protection under the law.
30
Which case addressed the issue of campaign finance and free speech?
Citizens United v. FEC (2010).
31
Fill in the blank: The _____ Amendment allows for the direct election of U.S. Senators.
17th
32
What system prevents any one branch of government from becoming too powerful?
Checks and balances.
33
What is the significance of the case Loving v. Virginia (1967)?
It struck down laws banning interracial marriage.
34
Which amendment protects against double jeopardy?
The 5th Amendment.
35
What is the primary purpose of the Electoral College?
To formally elect the President and Vice President of the United States.
36
What powers are shared by both the federal and state governments?
Concurrent powers.
37
Which amendment limits the President to two terms?
The 22nd Amendment.
38
What is the main role of the judicial branch?
To interpret laws and administer justice.
39
What did the case Miranda v. Arizona (1966) establish?
The requirement for police to inform individuals of their rights during interrogation.
40
Fill in the blank: The _____ Amendment protects the right to a speedy and public trial.
6th
41
True or False: The Supreme Court has the power to overturn its own decisions.
True.
42
What does the 9th Amendment state?
The enumeration of certain rights in the Constitution does not deny or disparage others retained by the people.
43
Which amendment addresses the income tax?
The 16th Amendment.
44
What is the process for a constitutional amendment?
It requires a two-thirds vote in both houses of Congress and ratification by three-fourths of the states.
45
What is the principle of 'judicial activism'?
The belief that the Supreme Court should actively interpret the Constitution to address social issues.
46
Fill in the blank: The _____ Amendment prohibits the quartering of soldiers in private homes without consent.
3rd
47
What was the main issue in the case Shelby County v. Holder (2013)?
The constitutionality of key provisions of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
48
What does the term 'bicameral legislature' refer to?
A legislature with two houses, such as the U.S. Congress.
49
Which amendment prohibits excessive bail and fines?
The 8th Amendment.
50
True or False: The Constitution is the supreme law of the land.
True.
51
What does the 7th Amendment guarantee?
The right to a jury trial in civil cases.
52
What was the purpose of the Federalist Papers?
To promote the ratification of the Constitution.
53
Fill in the blank: The _____ Amendment provides for the right to vote regardless of race.
15th
54
What does the term 'ex post facto law' mean?
A law that makes an act illegal retroactively.
55
What is the significance of the case United States v. Nixon (1974)?
It affirmed the principle that no one, not even the President, is above the law.
56
Which article of the Constitution outlines the amendment process?
Article V.
57
What is the purpose of the checks and balances system?
To prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful.
58
Fill in the blank: The _____ Amendment prohibits the denial of the right to vote based on gender.
19th
59
What was the ruling in the case Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)?
It ruled that African Americans were not U.S. citizens and could not sue in federal court.
60
Which amendment addresses the right to a fair trial?
The 6th Amendment.
61
True or False: The Constitution requires a census every ten years.
True.
62
What is the principle of 'judicial restraint'?
The belief that the Supreme Court should defer to the decisions of elected officials.
63
Which amendment abolished poll taxes in federal elections?
The 24th Amendment.
64
What does the 12th Amendment change about the electoral process?
It separates the voting process for President and Vice President.
65
Fill in the blank: The _____ Amendment grants the right to vote to citizens aged 18 and older.
26th
66
What is the significance of the case Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)?
It legalized same-sex marriage nationwide.
67
Which article of the Constitution establishes the presidency?
Article II.
68
What does the term 'sovereignty' mean in a governmental context?
The authority of a state to govern itself or another state.
69
What is the main purpose of the legislative process?
To create and enact laws.
70
Which amendment prohibits the government from taking private property without just compensation?
The 5th Amendment.
71
True or False: The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in all cases.
False.
72
What does the term 'limited government' mean?
A political system where the legalized force is restricted through delegated and enumerated powers.
73
What is the significance of the case New Jersey v. TLO (1985)?
It established the standard for searches in public schools.
74
Fill in the blank: The _____ Amendment protects the right to assemble and petition the government.
1st

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