AP Notes 18-22

Question 1

18. PARALLELISM

Answer 1

: Parallelism is the use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same; or
similar in their construction, sound, meaning or meter. Parallelism examples are found in literary
works as well as in ordinary conversations.

Question 2

19. ALLUSION:

Answer 2

Allusion is a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical,
cultural, literary or political significance. It does not describe in detail the person or thing to which
it refers. It is just a passing comment and the writer expects the reader to possess enough
knowledge to spot the allusion and grasp its importance in a text

Question 3

20. METONYMY

Answer 3

: It is a figure of speech that replaces the name of a thing with the name of something
else with which it is closely associated. We can come across examples of metonymy both from
literature and in everyday life. Do not confuse this with a metaphor as a METONYMY is not
creating a comparison.

Question 4

21. ANAPHORA

Answer 4

: In writing or speech, the deliberate repetition of the first part of the sentence in order to
achieve an artistic effect is known as Anaphora. Anaphora, possibly the oldest literary device, has
its roots in Biblical Psalms used to emphasize certain words or phrases. Gradually, Elizabethan and
Romantic writers brought this device into practice.

Question 5

22. EPISTROPHE

Answer 5

Epistrophe is derived from a Greek word that means turning upon, which indicates the
same word returns at the end of each sentence. Epistrophe is a stylistic device that can be defined
as the repetition of phrases or words at the end of the clauses or sentences. It is also
called epiphora. Epistrophe examples are frequently found in literary pieces, in persuasive writing
and speeches. The opposite of EPISTROPHE is???