AP TEST review unit 2 biological bases of behavior

Question 1

types of neurons

Answer 1

sensory, motor, interneurons

Question 2

sensory neurons

Answer 2

carry information from sensory receptors to brain/spinal cord (perceiving something as hot)

Question 3

motor neurons

Answer 3

carry outgoing info from brain to muscles/glands; clenching a fist

Question 4

interneurons

Answer 4

communicate internally between sensory inputs/motor inputs; located within brain/spinal cord (reflexes)

Question 5

action potential

Answer 5

neural impulse; brief electrical charge that travels down an axon generated by a movement of positively charged atoms in/out of channels down axon’s membrane

Question 6

depolarization

Answer 6

postive and negative ions enter the neuron, starts action potential, impulse

Question 7

hyerpolorization

Answer 7

only negative ions enter neuron, resetting/refactory

Question 8

refractory period

Answer 8

after a neuron has fired an action potential it pauses for a short period to recharge itself to fire again

Question 9

neurotransmitters

Answer 9

released from sending neurons, travel across synapse, bind to receptor sites on receiving neuron, influencing it to generate action potential

Question 10

agonists

Answer 10

fools body, tells brain to produce moreant

Question 11

agonist

Answer 11

limits/hinders/blocks neurotransmitters from going to one neuron from another

Question 12

amygdala

Answer 12

emotions of fear and angerh

Question 13

hippocampus

Answer 13

structure in limbic system which is responsible for the formation of most new memories (explicit memories, facts)

Question 14

hypothalamus

Answer 14

directs maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temp, emotions)

Question 15

cerebral cortex

Answer 15

fabric; control and information processing center

Question 16

frontal lobe

Answer 16

reasoning, planning, parts of speech and movement, emotions, problem solving

Question 17

temporal lobe

Answer 17

perception, recognition of auditory stimuli, hearing and memory hippocampus

Question 18

parietal lobe

Answer 18

top of head concerned with perception of stimuli related to touch, pressure, temp, pain

Question 19

occipital lobe

Answer 19

back of brain, concerned with aspects of vision

Question 20

motor cortex

Answer 20

voluntary movements

Question 21

sensory cortex

Answer 21

received info fro skin surface and organs

Question 22

aphasia

Answer 22

impairment of language

Question 23

brocas area

Answer 23

impaired speaking

Question 24

wenicke’s area

Answer 24

impaired understanding , trouble hearing words

Question 25

brain plasticity

Answer 25

ability of brain to modify itself after injury or illness

Question 26

neurogensis

Answer 26

formation of new neurons

Question 27

transference

Answer 27

when a client brings feelings about someone else to the therapist