AP2 Immunity

Question 1

Interferons are used for what type of infection?

Answer 1

Viral infection

Question 2

What substances increase the body temperature?

Answer 2

Pyrogens

Question 3

What part of brain do pyrogens act on to increase body temp?

Answer 3

Hypothalamus

Question 4

What cells make antibodies?

Answer 4

B-cells

Question 5

What is an activated B-cell?

Answer 5

Plasma cell

Question 6

What’s the difference between lymph and blood plasma

Answer 6

Lymph has less protein & location
- Lymph in lymphatic system plasma is in bloodstream

Question 7

What are the vessels in the GI tract that absorb fats?

Answer 7

Lacteals

Question 8

What is the largest tonsil?

Answer 8

Palatine

Question 9

Do lymph nodes have a pump system that help them move lymph?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

What helps lymph move through the system?

Answer 10

Skeletal muscle contraction
Lymphatic vessels contractions
Breathing
Arterial force

Question 11

What is the largest lymphatic vessel?

Answer 11

Lymph ducts

Question 12

Where do you return lymph to the circulatory system?

Answer 12

Subclavian veins

Question 13

What cells perform immunological surveillance?

Answer 13

Natural Killer (NK) cells

Question 14

What WBCs deal with parasites?

Answer 14

Eosinophils

Question 15

Difference between first line of defense and 2nd line of defense:

Answer 15

What line pathogens first encounter
1st line intact skin, gastric juice, tears

Question 16

What lymphatic organ filters blood?

Answer 16

Spleen

Question 17

What lymphatic organ undergoes involution?

Answer 17

Thymus

Question 18

When does Thymus reach maximal size?

Answer 18

10-14 years of age

Question 19

I get sick and get better is an example of what type of immunity?

Answer 19

Naturally acquired active

Question 20

What type of immunity is when antibodies are passed through the placenta or breast milk?

Answer 20

Naturally acquired passive

Question 21

What type of immunity is vaccinations undergoing?

Answer 21

Artificially acquired active

Question 22

What type of immunity is snake bite venom undergoing?

Answer 22

Artificially acquired passive

Question 23

4 classic signs of acute inflammation:

Answer 23

Red, hot, swollen, pain

Question 24

What cells produce the respiratory disperse and make hydrogen peroxide?

Answer 24

Neutrophil
Release hydrogen peroxide when they fight bacteria

Question 25

Can compliment cells cause fever?

Answer 25

No they cause inflammation

Question 26

What is opsonization?

Answer 26

- When you attach molecules to target cells so WBCs know where to go to attack - Compliment proteins (C3b) do this

Question 27

When WBCs hug the lining of the blood vessel?

Answer 27

Margination

Question 28

Act of WBCs leaving blood vessel?

Answer 28

Emigration

Question 29

What cells secrete perforins?

Answer 29

- Natural killers - Cytotoxic T-killers (Cd8)

Question 30

What is a Cd4 cell?

Answer 30

Helper T-cells

Question 31

Antibody immunity is most affective against?

Answer 31

Bacteria

Question 32

Cellular immunity is most affective against:

Answer 32

Viruses, cancer, transplants

Question 33

What do basophils release when they are activated? Which is anticoagulant (prevents clotting)

Answer 33

Histamines & heparin Heparin is anticoagulant

Question 34

Where do t-cells become immunocompetent?

Answer 34

Thymus

Question 35

What is the part of an antigen that is recognized by antibodies?

Answer 35

Epitope

Question 36

What would be an example of an antigen presenting cell?

Answer 36

Dendritic cells Macrophages B-cells

Question 37

What is the disease causing organism?

Answer 37

Pathogen

Question 38

Where is the interactions between T-cells and antigen presenting cells?

Answer 38

Lymph nodes

Question 39

What is the cell that coordinates specific and nonspecific responses?

Answer 39

Helper T-cells (3d4)

Question 40

With the humeral immune response, what is the first event that has to happen?

Answer 40

1st event: B-cells have to recognize the antigen - Then present the antigen - Then you get clonal selection (tells what cells will be reproduced) - These cells differentiate and go attack

Question 41

Typical antibody has how many antigen binding sites?

Answer 41

Two

Question 42

What is most common antibody class?

Answer 42

IgG

Question 43

What is the largest antibody class?

Answer 43

IgM

Question 44

What class of immunoglobulin/antibody is important to passive immunity to newborn through milk?

Answer 44

IgA

Question 45

What class of immunoglobulins is passed through the placenta?

Answer 45

IgG

Question 46

What are characteristics of anaphylactic shock?

Answer 46

Vasodilation

Question 47

Where do you find peyer's patches?

Answer 47

Small intestine

Question 48

Lymphatic capillaries and blood capillaries both have

Answer 48

Thin walls

Question 49

Larger lymphatic vessels are similar to veins because they both have?

Answer 49

Valves

Question 50

What antibody class is going to lead to allergies?

Answer 50

IgE

Question 51

What does IgD do?

Answer 51

Activate B-cells

Question 52

What are proteins released from plasma cells to fight infections called?

Answer 52

Antibodies / immunoglobulins

Question 53

What is programmed cell death?

Answer 53

Apoptosis

Question 54

What are those molecules that stimulate immune cells for communication?

Answer 54

Cytokines

Question 55

What antibody class can exist as a monomer or dimer

Answer 55

IgA

Question 56

What antibody classes activate compliment?

Answer 56

IgM & IgG

Question 57

What antibody shows up for you first encounter with a pathogen and what antibody shows with any encounter after the first:

Answer 57

- IgM is first initial encounter - IgG is second encounter

Question 58

Difference from exogenous and endogenous antigens?

Answer 58

- Exo stays outside cell (bacteria) - Endo invade body cell (virus)

Question 59

What is the indented area of a lymph node?

Answer 59

Hilum

Question 60

What is the difference between the MHC classes:

Answer 60

- Class 1 found everywhere except RBCs - Class 2 found on antigen presenting cells

Question 61

What is Lupus?

Answer 61

When immune system attacks healthy tissues and organs

Question 62

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 62

Chronic inflammation in the joints because body attacks its own tissue

Question 63

What is celiac disease?

Answer 63

Immune reaction to gluten

Question 64

What is multiple sclerosis?

Answer 64

Immune system eats away at the myelin sheath of nerves

Question 65

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 65

Immune system attacks pancreatic cells so pancreas cannot produce insulin