Aphasia Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is aphasia?
An impairment in the ability to comprehend (receptive) or produce (expressive) language, usually due to brain damage (e.g., stroke).
What is the most common cause of aphasia?
Stroke (though it can also result from neurodegenerative diseases like dementia).
What brain areas are critical for language?
Broca’s area, Wernicke’s area, and the arcuate fasciculus.
What is Broca’s Aphasia?
Non-fluent, effortful speech with good comprehension and poor repetition.
What is Wernicke’s Aphasia?
Fluent but nonsensical speech with poor comprehension and poor repetition.
What is Conduction Aphasia?
Fluent speech and good comprehension, but poor repetition and phonemic errors.
What is Transcortical Motor Aphasia?
Like Broca’s Aphasia (non-fluent speech), but repetition is preserved.
What is Transcortical Sensory Aphasia?
Like Wernicke’s Aphasia (nonsensical speech and poor comprehension), but repetition is preserved.
What is Global Aphasia?
Severe impairment in comprehension, speech production, and repetition.
What is Anomic Aphasia?
Fluent speech and good comprehension/repetition, but with significant word-finding difficulties.
What is Pure Word Deafness?
Impaired speech comprehension and repetition, but preserved speech production.
What is Dysarthria?
A motor speech disorder with slurred or mumbled speech due to problems with articulators.
What does the Wernicke–Lichtheim model propose?
That aphasia can result from disconnection between centers (e.g., concept center disruption).
What does damage to the arcuate fasciculus cause?
Conduction aphasia—fluent speech and good comprehension, but poor repetition.
What is echolalia?
Involuntary repetition of speech; seen in transcortical aphasias and isolation aphasia.
