Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards by Samantha Boyer

the pectoral girdle consists of

clavicle & scapula

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two ends of the clavicle

acromial & sternal ends

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the acromial end of the clavicle is _______ to the rest of the bone, while the sternal end is ______

lateral; medial

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bone marking on the inferior side of the clavicle’s acromial end

conoid tubercle

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the ‘point’ of the clavicle’s acromial end points

anteriorally

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3 steps to determine if a clavicle is right or left

1) the flatter acromial end is lateral, the fatter sternal end is medial
2) the conoid tubercle is on the inferior side
3) the ‘point’ of the acromial end faces anteriorally

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the ______ end of the clavicle is flat while the ______ end is thicker

acromial; sternal

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the acromion of the scapula is ______ to the rest of the bone

lateral

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the spine of the scapula is on the _____ side

posterior

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the concave part of the scapula faces ________

anteriorally (lays against the back)

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the head of the humerus faces _______

medially

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more of the head of the humerus can be seen from the _______

posterior

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the olecranon fossa of the humerus is on the ______ side

posterior

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the capitulum of the humerus is on the _______ side

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the bone of the brachial region is

humerus

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the bones of the antebrachial region are

radius & ulna

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of the two antebrachial bones, the _______ is medial and the _______ is lateral

ulna; radius

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the ulna is recognizable by the “__” shape and the radius is recognizable by the _____ shape at their proximal epiphyses

u; circle

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the ulna’s “u” shape and the radius’ cicle shape are located at the ________ epiphysis

proximal (superior)

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the “u” of the ulna faces _______

anteriorally

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the ulna aligns with this digit, and the radius aligns with this digit

ulna - pinky

radius - thumb

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there are _ carpals

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there are _ metacarpals

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there are __ phalanges

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large center carpal

capitate

carpal adjacent to metacarpal V

hamate

carpal adjacent to metacarpal II

trapezoid

carpal adjacent to metacarpal I

trapezium

large carpal between radius & trapezium

scaphoid

carpal between radius & capitate

lunate

small 'floating' carpal near metacarpal V

pisiform

carpal adjacent to pisiform

triquetrum

small bones attached to distal end of metacarpal I

sesamoid bones

metacarpal associated with the thumb

MC I

metacarpal associated with the pointer

MC II

metacarpal associated with the middle finger

MC III

metacarpal associated with the ring finger

MC IV

metacarpal associated with the pinky

MC V

each digit has ____, ______, and ______ phalanges, except thumb and big toe, which have no _______ phalanges

proximal, middle, and distal | middle

the pelvic girdle is formed by the

two hip bones and the sacrum

the hip bone is the result of the fusion of three bones:

ilium, ischium, pubis

the _________, meaning "vinegar cup", receives the head of the femur

acetabulum

if you place your right hand in the greater sciatic notch of the hip bone, and your fingers cover the acetabulum, it is a _____-hand bone

right

name for the concave part of the ilium

iliac fossa

large foramen in each hip bone

obturator foramen

part of the hip bones you sit on

ischium

part of the pelvis used to determine sex

pubic arch

a male pubic arch is ______°, while the female pubic arch is ______°

50-60° - male | 80-90° - female

bone of the femoral region

femur

kneecap

patella

the head of the femur faces ______

medially

the intercondylar fossa of the femur faces ______

posteriorally

two bone markings below the neck of the femur's head; one is lesser, one is greater

trochanters

bones of the crural & sural regions

tibia & fibula

the tibia is ______ (lateral or medial) and the fibula is ______

medial; lateral

the thicker epiphysis of the tibia is the ________ end

superior/proximal

the tibial tuberosity on the proximal epiphysis faces ________

anteriorally

even if the ______ broke, the _______ could still bear your weight

fibula; tibia

there are _ tarsals

there are _ metatarsals

there are _ foot phalanges

large tarsal that articulates with the tibia

talus

large tarsal lateral to the talus

calcaneus

tarsal between the talus and the cuneiform tarsals

navicular

tarsal adjacent to metatarsal I

medial cuneiform

tarsal adjacent to metatarsal II

intermediate cuneiform

tarsal between metatarsal III and the cuboid

lateral cuneiform

tarsal between metatarsal V and the calcaneus

cuboid

metatarsal I is associated with the ___ toe, while metatarsal V is associated with the _____ toe

big; little

each of the toes has three phalanges except the

big toe

3 arches of the foot

medial longitudinal arch transverse arch lateral longitudinal arch

most superior arch of the foot

medial longitudinal arch

arch of the foot with the most acute angle

transverse arch

most inferior arch of the foot

lateral longitudinal arch