Skeleton Overview & Axial Skeleton

Question 1

of bones in the adult skeleton

Answer 1

206

Question 2

2 basic types of osseous tissue

Answer 2

compact bone & spongy bone

Question 3

4 bone shapes

Answer 3

long, short, flat, irregular

Question 4

examples of long bones

Answer 4

humerus, femur, etc

Question 5

example of flat bone

Answer 5

sternum

Question 6

example of short bone

Answer 6

talus

Question 7

example of irregular bones

Answer 7

vertebrae

Question 8

8 bone markings that are sites of muscle and ligament attachment

Answer 8

tuberosity
crest
trochanter
line
tubercle
epicondyle
spine
process

Question 9

4 bone markings that help form joints

Answer 9

head
facet
condyle
ramus

Question 10

3 bone markings that allow for the passage of vessels and nerves

Answer 10

fissure
foramen
notch

Question 11

3 misc. depressions and openings (bone markings)

Answer 11

meatus
sinus
fossa

Question 12

‘shaft’ of a long bone

Answer 12

diaphysis

Question 13

‘ends’ of a long bone

Answer 13

epiphyses

Question 14

epiphysis closest to the trunk

Answer 14

proximal epiphysis

Question 15

epiphysis furthest from the trunk

Answer 15

distal epiphysis

Question 16

cartilage surrounding long bone

Answer 16

articular cartilage

Question 17

line of compact bone between two areas of spongy bone

Answer 17

epiphyseal line

Question 18

dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping bones

Answer 18

periosteum

Question 19

cavity within a long bone

Answer 19

medullary cavity

Question 20

medullary cavity is lined with _________

Answer 20

endosteum

Question 21

the _______ _____ carries vessels & nerves through compact bone

Answer 21

central canal

Question 22

collection of rings around a cental canal

Answer 22

osteon

Question 23

individual rings around a central canal

Answer 23

lamella/lamellae

Question 24

chambers within lamellae

Answer 24

lacunae

Question 25

mature bone cells within lacunae

Answer 25

osteocytes

Question 26

3 parts of the axial skeleton

Answer 26

skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage

Question 27

2 sets of bones that constitute the skull

Answer 27

cranium & facial bones

Question 28

interlocking fibrous joints that join skull bones

Answer 28

sutures

Question 29

only 2 facial bones that are not paired

Answer 29

vomer & mandible

Question 30

bone not really considered part of the skull, located in the throat

Answer 30

hyoid bone

Question 31

4 paranasal sinuses

Answer 31

frontal sinus ethmoidal sinus sphenoidal sinus maxillary sinus

Question 32

the vertebral column consists of __ vertebrae and __ composite (fused) bones

Answer 32

24; 2

Question 33

of cervical vertebrae

Answer 33

7

Question 34

of thoracic vertebrae

Answer 34

12

Question 35

of lumbar vertebrae

Answer 35

5

Question 36

the 2 composite bones of the vertebral column are the ______ and ______

Answer 36

sacrum & coccyx

Question 37

processes that extend from the posterior side of the vertebrae

Answer 37

spinous processes

Question 38

proceses that extend laterally from each side of the vertebrae

Answer 38

transverse processes

Question 39

discs between vertebrae

Answer 39

intervertebral discs

Question 40

final vertebra of the cervical curvature - has the most prominent spinal process

Answer 40

vertebra prominens

Question 41

hole in the vertebrae that house the spinal cord

Answer 41

vertebral foramen

Question 42

thiccest part of vertebrae

Answer 42

body

Question 43

posterior arch of the vertebral foramen

Answer 43

vertebral arch

Question 44

facet + process on the superior side of a vertebra, bewteen the foramen and the transverse process

Answer 44

superior articular facet and process

Question 45

looks like a shark skull (to me)

Answer 45

cervical vertebrae (especially C1)

Question 46

'typical' vertebra - transverse processes are at a 45deg angle with the spinal process - foramen is most circular

Answer 46

thoracic vertebrae

Question 47

vertebrae with the thickest body - foramen is flat - transverse processes are at a 90deg angle with spinal process

Answer 47

lumbar vertebrae

Question 48

holes in the sacrum

Answer 48

sacral foramina

Question 49

seam between the sacrum & the coccyx

Answer 49

apex

Question 50

superior end of the sacrum

Answer 50

sacral promontory

Question 51

hole through sacrum

Answer 51

sacral canal

Question 52

points of each 'wing' of sacrum (superior end)

Answer 52

ala

Question 53

posterior crest of sacrum

Answer 53

median sacral crest

Question 54

sites of vertebral fusion on posterior side of sacrum

Answer 54

transverse ridges

Question 55

connect ribs to sternum

Answer 55

costal cartilages

Question 56

notch on top of sternum

Answer 56

jugular notch

Question 57

first 7 ribs are called _____ ribs

Answer 57

true

Question 58

ribs 8-12 are called ______ ribs

Answer 58

false

Question 59

ribs 11 and 12 are ______ ribs

Answer 59

floating

Question 60

'head' on superior end of sternum

Answer 60

manubrium

Question 61

seam between manubrium and body of sternum

Answer 61

sternal angle

Question 62

'point' on inferior end of sternum

Answer 62

xiphoid process

Question 63

seam between xiphoid process & body of sternum

Answer 63

xiphisternal joint

Question 64

spaces between ribs

Answer 64

intercostal spaces

Question 65

the first cervical vertebra is called ____ and lacks a ____

Answer 65

atlas; body

Question 66

this vertebra has lateral masses

Answer 66

atlas

Question 67

the second cervical vertebra is called ____ and has a ____ instead of a body

Answer 67

axis; dens

Question 68

holes in the wide transverse processes of cervical vertebrae

Answer 68

transverse foramina

Question 69

______ _______ travel through transverse foramina

Answer 69

vertebral arteries

Question 70

this vertebra allows you to shake your head 'no'

Answer 70

axis