appendicular skeleton part 1

Question 1

How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 1

126 bones

Question 2

What is included in the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 2

limbs, pectoral girdle, & pelvic girdle

Question 3

What is the pectoral girdle?

Answer 3

shoulder

Question 4

What are characteristics of the pectoral girdle?

Answer 4

includes clavicle & scapula, anchors upper limbs to axial skeleton, provides attachment for trunk & neck muscles

Question 5

What is the clavicle?

Answer 5

collarbone

Question 6

What are characteristics of the clavicle?

Answer 6

medial attachment at manubrium of sternum (sternoclavicular joint) & lateral attachment at scapula (acromioclavicular joint)

Question 7

What is the scapula?

Answer 7

shoulder blade

Question 8

What are the characteristics of the scapula?

Answer 8

has no direct attachment to the axial skeleton; it is held in place by trunk muscles & it articulates with the humerus at the glenohumeral joint

Question 9

What are the 3 angles of the scapula?

Answer 9

superior, inferior, & lateral

Question 10

What are the 3 borders of the scapula?

Answer 10

superior, medial (vertebral), & lateral (axillary)

Question 11

What is the acromion process?

Answer 11

on the scapula; connects with the clavicle

Question 12

What is the coracoid process?

Answer 12

on the scapula; anchor for some upper limb muscles

Question 13

What is the glenoid cavity?

Answer 13

on the scapula; socket that holds the head of the humerus

Question 14

What is the subscapular fossa?

Answer 14

depression on the anterior surface

Question 15

What is the scapular spine?

Answer 15

ridge across the posterior surface

Question 16

What is the supraspinous fossa?

Answer 16

superior to scapular spine

Question 17

What is the infraspinous fossa?

Answer 17

inferior to the scapular spine

Question 18

What is the humerus?

Answer 18

the arm

Question 19

What is the head of the humerus?

Answer 19

proximal end; fits into the glenoid cavity to form a ball-and-socket joint

Question 20

What are the greater and lesser tubercles?

Answer 20

on the humerus; separated by the intertubercular groove (tendon of the bicep muscle runs through)

Question 21

What is the deltoid tuberosity?

Answer 21

on the midshaft of the humerus; rough area where deltoid muscle attaches

Question 22

What is the radial groove?

Answer 22

on posterior surface of humerus; radial nerve runs along the groove

Question 23

What is the condyle?

Answer 23

distal end of humerus; articulates with radius & ulna

Question 24

What is the medial trochlea?

Answer 24

on the condyle; articulates with ulna

Question 25

What is the lateral capitulum?

Answer 25

on the condyle; articulates with radius

Question 26

What are the medial & lateral epicondyles?

Answer 26

on the humerus; includes the ulnar nerve

Question 27

What is the ulnar groove?

Answer 27

where the ulnar nerve runs through

Question 28

What are the coronoid fossa & olecranon fossa?

Answer 28

depressions that allow the corresponding processes of the ulna to move freely during flexion & extension

Question 29

What is the radius?

Answer 29

forearm bone on the lateral/thumb side

Question 30

What is the head of the radius?

Answer 30

articulates with capitulum of humerus

Question 31

What is the radial tuberosity?

Answer 31

medial to the head; attachment for the biceps muscle

Question 32

What is the styloid process of the radius?

Answer 32

distal end of the radius

Question 33

What is the ulna?

Answer 33

forearm bone on the medial/pinky side

Question 34

What is the coronoid process?

Answer 34

anterior side of ulna

Question 35

What is the olecranon process?

Answer 35

elbow; posterior side of ulna

Question 36

What is the trochlear notch?

Answer 36

separates the coronoid and olecranon process

Question 37

What is the radial notch?

Answer 37

on the ulna; articulates with the head of the radius

Question 38

What is the styloid process of the ulna?

Answer 38

distal end of ulna; attachment for wrist ligaments

Question 39

What is the ulnar head?

Answer 39

distal end of ulna

Question 40

What is the carpal (wrist)?

Answer 40

2 irregular rows of 4 bones held together by ligaments

Question 41

What is the proximal carpal row (lateral to medial)?

Answer 41

scaphoid-lunate-triquetrum-pisiform

Question 42

What is the distal carpal row (lateral to medial)?

Answer 42

trapezium-trapezoid-capitate-hamate

Question 43

What are the metacarpals (palm of hand)?

Answer 43

numbered 1-5 from thumb side; bases articulate with the carpals; heads articulate with the phalanges

Question 44

What are the phalanges (fingers/digits)?

Answer 44

numbered 1-5 from thumb side; 14 miniature long bones; each finger (except thumb) has 3 phalanges (proximal, middle, distal)