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VSOHA APPK Unit 1 > APPK 1.8 - Lymphatic & Immune Systems > Flashcards

APPK 1.8 - Lymphatic & Immune Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Define: path/patho

A

Disease

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2
Q

Define: lymph

A

Clear fluid

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3
Q

Name the types of lymphatic vessels from smallest to largest (3)

A

Lymphatic capillaries,
Lymphatic vessels,
Lymphatic trunks

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4
Q

What are anchor filaments & where are they found?

A

Anchor filaments are little hair-like projections of lymphatic capillaries that create openings for fluid to enter the lymphatic system

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5
Q

T/F: lymphatic vessels have valves, therefore lymph only flows in ONE direction

A

True!

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6
Q

What is the Cisterna chyli?

A

A collecting well for lymph from the lower extremities, located at the base of the diaphragm

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7
Q

What are the functions of lymph nodes?

A
  • where the filtration of lymph occurs

- contains the body’s specialized immune cells; Lymphocytes (B-cells, T-cells, Macrophages)

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8
Q

T/F: lymph nodes are randomly scattered around the body with NO regions having a higher concentration of them in a specific area.

A

False; there are 2 catchment areas for high concentration of lymph nodes…
Axilla (armpit) & Groin creases.

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9
Q

The _____________ Duct returns fluid from the upper right quadrant of the body & the _________ Duct returns fluid from the remaining 3/4 of the body

A

Right Lymphatic Duct
&
Thoracic Duct

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10
Q

What are the functions of the Lymphatic system? (3)

A
  • Return fluid & protein to the blood
  • Absorb & transport fats & soluble vitamins (A,D,E,K) from the digestive system
  • Immune responses via specialized lymphocytes (WBC) activity
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11
Q

How can bodywork be beneficial to the lymphatic system?

A
  • Aid movement of lymph & blood back to the heart (Swedish/circulatory massage)
  • Manual lymphatic drainage (HIGHLY specialized modality) via light massage
  • Manual therapists may be first people to encounter enlarged lymph nodes
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12
Q

What is the function of the Immune system?

A

PROTECT & DEFEND body from foreign invaders; to distinguish from “self” & “non-self”

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13
Q

What are the components of the Immune system?

A
  • Lymphocytes; specialised WBCs (B-cells, T-cells)
  • Thymus
  • Lymph nodes; contain phagocytes & macrophages
  • Spleen; giant lymph node (filters defective blood cells & stores an emergency blood supply)
  • Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue; tonsils, adenoids, peyer’s patches (large intestine), etc.
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14
Q

How many lines of non-specific defence does the body have?

A

3

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15
Q

What is the specific/adaptive immune response?

A

Immune response developed through EXPOSURE to specific pathogens

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16
Q

What are the 4 signs/symptoms of inflammation?

A

Redness,
Heat,
Swelling,
Pain

17
Q

The body’s _____________ includes: skin, gastric juices, saliva & mucus membranes

A

1st line of defence

18
Q

T/F: the body’s 2nd line of defence includes Natural Killer (NK) cells

A

False; NK cells are part of the 3rd line of defence.

2nd line of defence are the various bodily fluids that have antimicrobial substances that breakdown & attack pathogens

19
Q

T/F: T-cells & B-cells are both produced in red bone marrow

A

True; the difference is that B-cells also mature in bone marrow while T-cells mature in the Thymus gland

20
Q

What is artificially acquired immunity?

A

Immunization via vaccination

21
Q

How can massage be beneficial to the immune systems?

A
  • can have a profound impact on health & healing & facilitate an individual’s healing process
    CAUTION: wait at least 72hrs after injury to begin bodywork
    CONTRAINDICATION: when a fever is present; whether it effects client or therapist presents symptoms
22
Q

Edema: indicated or contraindicated? Cautions?

A

Indicated; caution to use light pressure & work proximal > distal

23
Q

Lymph edema: indicated or contraindicated? Cautions?

A

Contraindicated; unless specifically trained

24
Q

HIV/AIDS: indicated or contraindicated? Cautions?

A

Indicated; caution to maintain stringent universal hygiene precautions

25
Q

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: indicated or contraindicated? Cautions?

A

Indicated; caution for only light, non-rigorous work

26
Q

Multiple Sclerosis: indicated or contraindicated? Cautions?

A

Indicated; caution for only light, non-demanding work

27
Q

Lymphoma: indicated or contraindicated? Cautions?

A

Indicated;

28
Q

Lupus: indicated or contraindicated? Cautions?

A

Contraindicated; most sufferers don’t seek treatment during acute flareups.
During remission caution to provide only light work

VSOHA APPK Unit 1 (12 decks)

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