Approach to a Dermatological Patient Flashcards

(28 cards)

1
Q

what is erythema?

A

vasodilation: red blood cells are inside of vessels

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2
Q

what is a papule?

A

small solid palpable elevation of skin up to 1 cm in diameter
primary lesion

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3
Q

what is the most common disease that causes papules?

A

pyoderma

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4
Q

what is a plaque?

A

large, flat-top elevation formed by coalition and fusing of papules
primary lesion

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4
Q

what are the types of pustules?

A

intraepidermal
subepidermal
follicular or non-follicular

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5
Q

what is a nodule?

A

firm, palpable elevation of the skin larger than 1cm in diameter
usually deeply located
massive accumulation of inflammatory or neoplastic cells

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6
Q

what are some causes of self-induced alopecia?

A

parasites
allergies
both cause pruritus

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7
Q

what are the primary causes of comedones?

A

feline acne
endocrine diseases
schnauzer comedo syndrome

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8
Q

what is crust?

A

scales with some fluid +/- inflammatory cells

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9
Q

what is an erosion?

A

epidermal defect

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10
Q

what is epidermal collarette secondary to if it is secondary?

A

pustules

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11
Q

what things can be seen with pruritus?

A

erythema
excoriations
self-induced alopecia

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12
Q

what is a macule/patch?

A

focal circumscribed nonpalpable spot of changing skin color
primary lesion

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13
Q

what can cause a papule?

A

accumulation of inflammatory cells
focal hyperplasia
early neoplasia

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14
Q

what diseases can cause papules?

A

pyoderma
scabies
flea allergy dermatitis
demodicosis
mossquito bite hypersensitivity

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15
Q

what can cause plaques?

A

pyoderma
eosinophilic plaque
kerion- dermatophytosis
flea allergy dermatitis
mosquito bite hypersensitivity

16
Q

what is a pustule?

A

small circumscribed elevation filled with pus
primary lesion

17
Q

what are the causes of pustules?

A

pyoderma
pemphigus foliaceus

18
Q

what is a vesicle?

A

small circumscribed elevation filled with clear fluid
primary lesion
bullae are deeper

19
Q

what causes vesicles/bullae?

A

burns
immune-mediated dermatitis
viral skin diseases
mucinosis- shar peis

20
Q

what is a wheal?

A

well-circumscribes raised flat intercellular edema which appears and disappears in hours
primary lesion

21
Q

what can cause spontaneous focal/multifocal alopecia?

A

pyoderma
demodicosis
dermatophytosis

22
Q

what are some primary or secondary lesions?

A

erythema
scales and follicular casts
comedones
leukoderma and leukotrichia
hyperpigmentation
crust
erosion and ulcer
epidermal collarette

23
Q

what are some secondary lesions?

A

scar and excoriation
lichenification
draining tract

24
what are the primary causes of comedones?
feline acne endocrine diseases schnauzer comedo syndrome
25
what are some primary causes of leukoderma and leukotrichia?
vitiligo cutaneous lupus alopecia areata uveodermatologic syndrome
26
what is the primary cause of hyperpigmentation?
lentigo
27
when are epidermal collarettes primary?
superficial exfoliative pyoderma