Approach to Polyuria/Polydipsia Flashcards
What is the specific gravity of urine relative to plasma if Hyposthenuria
1.000 to 1.008
What is the specific gravity of urine relative to plasma if Isosthenuria
1.008 to 1.012
What is the specific gravity of urine relative to plasma if Hypersthenuria
1.030 to 1.055
Causes of Polyuria / polydipsia in the dog
Diabetes mellitus
Renal failure
Hyperadrenocorticism
Hypercalcaemia
Neoplasia
Liver failure
Pyogenic foci
Diabetes insipidus
Causes of Polyuria / polydipsia in the cat
Renal failure
Hyperthyroidism
Diabetes mellitus
Pyogenic foci (CBA)
Liver failure
Neoplasia
Causes of hyposthenuria
Loss of conc gradient-diuresis/hypoadrenocorticism
Loss of ADH or receptors- primary diabetes insipidus
Antagonism of ADH- Hyperadrenocorticism
Excessive water consumption
Causes of isothenuria
Loss of nephrons/Normal
Causes of Hypersthenuria
Decreased renal perfusion
Most dogs with PUPD have a normal SG of urine (T/F)
True!
SG of 1.008 – 1.035 excludes diabetes insipidus (T/F)
True!
No glucose in urine excludes diabetes insipidus (T/F)
True!
High levels of liver enzymes in a biochemistry test suggest a cause of PUPD (T/F)
False! Every disease cause liver disease. Test also does not test liver function.
Diabetes insipidus-
Lose ADH hormones (DDAVP)
What does the water deprivation test differentiate
Diabetes Insipidus and Psychogenic polydipsia
Indications for water deprivation test
Severe PU/PD
Normal renal function
Not hypercalcaemic
Not hyperglycaemia
Not hypercortisolaemic
