April 2019 Flashcards by Asif Unknown

spiral tibial fracture ten-year-old minimally displaced - management

? above knee casting or IM nail

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Crepitus after a few days post-amputation

gas gangrene

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Fall onto outstretched hand pain over the thumb index and middle finger which bone?

radial deviation scaphoid, ulnar deviation lunate

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40% burn, a few days later abdominal pain and vomiting

Curling’s ulcer

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Esophageal perforation how would you investigate?

Water soluble contrast

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6 weeks with pain bilious vomiting with no mass

volvulus

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40-year old female with discreet breast nodule

<35 fibroadenoma 35-50 cyst >50 cancer

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Mortality score -

Mortality score - APACHE II

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nerve root supplying little finger

nerve root supplying little finger - c8

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Nerve damage in distal fibula fracture -

Nerve damage in distal fibula fracture - - sural nerve

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Chest Tube

5TH IC, just anterior to Mid Axillary Line

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Peritonism develops 4 hours after a stab injury - ?CT

?CT

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Spinal anaesthesia at the level of

Spinal anaesthesia at the level of L3/L4 OR L4/L5

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Structures damaged with submandibular gland excision…

**************

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Chinese man with epistaxis

nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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bilateral neck swellings,

cancer from Central tongue

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Chronic dialysis patient with high PTH and HIGH calcium

Tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Secondary hyperparathyroidism if the calcium is normal/low.

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Splenic rupture post infection

epstein-barr virus

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Sausage-shaped mass

intussusception

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Branchial cyst - failure of obliteration of the…

Branchial cyst - failure of obliteration of the second branchial cleft

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Thiazides - inhibit

Thiazides - inhibit NaCl reabsorption from DCT

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Ischaemic foot and renal insufficiency

CTA?

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Long-standing painful nodule at stoma -

PG?

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Frank haematuria and loin mass

renal cell carcinoma

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Cushing's triad -

Bradycardia, systolic hypertension, irregular respiration

Auto digestion of pancreas

trypsin

Loss of taste to anterior tongue

Loss of taste to anterior tongue - Taste fibres of facial nerve go to the Geniculate ganglion

ABG for COPD

ABG for COPD - high bicarb and carbon dioxide level

ABG for COPD

ABG for COPD - high bicarb and carbon dioxide level normal pC02 4.6-6.0 normal HC03 22-28 normal BE -2/+2

Increased cardiac output for heart transplant patient

Increased atrial filling

long standing peptic ulcer disease -

increased secretion of gastrin

9, 10 and 11 cranial nerves transmitted via

the jugular foramen

9, 10 and 11 cranial nerves originate from the

medulla

Heart valves are made of -

fibrous tissue and collagen

Abnormal thyroid function in high cholesterol

Hypothyroidism

Sheep worker and tender liver

Echinococcus granulosus

Patient with antithrombin III Dvt how do you treat

Heparin bridging therapy while starting warfarin

Woman with breast cancer develops a dusky painful leg

Woman with breast cancer develops a dusky painful leg a one ABP of 1 - from thrombolytic with angiography then pop bypass heparin

16 days post-op serious and discharge from the wound

wound dehiscence

cardiac output per systole

70ml

Calcified liver nodule

hydatid cyst

The effect of loop diuretics -

act on the Na+-K+-2Cl− symporter (NKCC2) in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle to inhibit sodium, chloride and potassium reabsorption

recurrent right upper quadrant pain -

elective cholecystectomy

hypospadia congenital abnormality

Failure of genital fold - resulting in persisting urethral groove Epispaias - dorsal wall of urethra wholly or partially absent

Tonsillitis in child

strep pyogenes

Tracheostomy

\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\* Emergency = Surgical Planned =

he right coronary artery (RCA) is an artery originating

he right coronary artery (RCA) is an artery originating - above the right cusp of the aortic valve, at the right aortic sinus in the heart

Sjorgens Syndrome Antibodies -

SSA/Ro and SSB/La, ANA, Rheumatoid factor

NSAIDs mechanism -

inhibition of COX1/2 - suppression of prostaglandin

Left lower limb palsy -

RIGHT ACA

RTA, leg movement absent, internal rotation

RTA, leg movement absent, internal rotation - posterior dislocation with sciatic nerve injury

Emergency tracheostomy divide

Emergency tracheostomy divide - the thyroid isthmus

Tumour markers of breast

Tumour markers of breast - three tumor markers -- cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3), cancer antigen 27.29 (CA 27.29), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)

Pregnant lady who had a fall with chest pain

Pregnant lady who had a fall with chest pain - aortic dissection

Most common type of gallstone in sickle cell -

Most common type of gallstone in sickle cell - pigment stones

Preoperative prep for someone who is hyperthyroid

Beta blocker

Anal sphincter dermatome

Anal sphincter dermatome - S4

Failure of pleuroperitoneal membrane Fusion with septum transversum

Bochdalek hernia Posterior Left

Graft rejection \<6 months

CMV infection

Ovarian cyst with hair

Ovarian cyst with hair - teratoma

posterior wall of inguinal canal

Transversalis fascia Conjoint tendon

ECG in hyperkalaemia

St depression and flat t waves - hyperkalemia

Hernia operation, numb scrotum - damage to

Hernia operation, numb scrotum - damage to ilioinguinal nerve

Thoracic duct injury in an oesophagectomy

Damage at aortic opening

Middle third clavicle injury

damage to subclavian artery

hip pain obese teenager -

s u f e

A child with limp -

Perthes

Posterior dislocation of the hip - nerve damage

sciatic nerve or fibular nerve damage

Mediastinal mass biopsy, non-neuroendocrine, epithelial cell

thymoma

tracheal deviation with stridor -

Retrosternal goitre

Right adrenal gland relation -

IVC

Achilles Tendon Rupture

Simmonds test

Ligation of the splenic hilum can result in- i

injury to the pancreatic tail

esophageal varices - anastomosis with

anastomosis with left gastric vein

Cheek Swelling..Raised...

\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*

Calcium levels in osteoporosis

Calcium levels in osteoporosis - normal calcium level

Left hypochondrium pain old age with PR bleeding mixed with stool bright and also no history of hypertension and beta blocker -

\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\* ischaemic colitis esophageal varices or anal cancer? haha

Loss of foot dorsiflexion after operation

Loss of peroneal nerve

scrotal lymphatic drainage

superficial inguinal nodes

anal lymphatic drainage

superficial inguinal nodes

Ureter relation to uterine artery

Ureter Lies beneath the uterine artery

Dartos muscle location

Subcutaneous scrotum

Waddling gait

superior gluteal nerve

Player with sudden death -

subarachnoid haemorrhage

Effects of spinal anaesthetic -

1-3 hours

Child in pain in the angle of mandible with fever

mandibular abscess

ECG in hypothermia

Widening of QRS, increased PR and QT J waves

Loss of elbow and wrist extension

radial nerve

Woman on the oral contraceptive pill abdominal pain neuropathy

acute intermittent porphyria

Collapse after shaft of femur fracture -

fat embolism

teenager with shaft of femur fracture

Ewing sarcoma

Pelvic fracture, prostate not palpable

damage to membranous urethra

diarrhoea or hypoglycemia following a gastrectomy

dumping

relation of uncinate process to superior mesenteric artery

posterior to SMA

sweating of cheek instead of parotid secretions! What nerve and name of syndrome

Frey’s syndrome - auricotemporal nerve damage

Female with recurrent blood stained discharge

\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*

Mass in upper part of lung with high urea and high calcium

\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*

FAP type of polym

Tubular Adenomatous polyp

Paraplegic patient, mid thoracic fracture - still has voluntary urination

Sparing of pudendal nerve Levels for urination

The structure forming the lower border of the heart

left ventricle

Posterolateral hernia in child

Bochdalek hernia Failure of fusion of pleuroperitoneal membrane with septum transversum

Cheek swelling - raised -

\*\*\*\*\*\*\*

pfannelstein incision

skin, sub cut, fat, campers, scarpas ant. rectus sheath rectus muscle pyrimidalis (NOT POST RECTUS SHEATH) transversalis fascia peritoneum

April 2019 Flashcards

(103 cards)