Architecture of the CVS Flashcards
Is the CVS a closed or open system
Closed
Function of the CVS
To delivery oxygen and nutrients and to remove carbon dioxide and waste products
Shape and size of heart
Fist sized and pyramidal shaped
Where is the apex of the heart
Away from the midline
Where is the base of the heart
Towards the midline
What level of thoracic vertebrae is the heart
4th and 5th
Function of vena cava
Bringing deoxygenated blood to the heart
Function of aorta
Taking oxygenated blood away from the heart
Function of pulmonary artery
Taking deoxygenated blood away from the heart to the lungs
Function of pulmonary vein
Taking oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs
Alternative name for bicuspid valve
Mitral valve
Parts of the aorta
Ascending, arch and descending
Differences between arteries and veins
Arteries: carry blood away, thick walls, elastic, no valves, high pressure, no valves,
Veins: carry blood in, thin walls, less elastic, valves
Arteries description
Small round lumen, thick muscular wall, elastic - thick tunica media
Veins description
Large collapsable lumen, thin muscular wall, less elastic - thinner tunica media
Capillary description
Very small lumen, wall made of a single layer of cells
What is systole
Contraction of the heart
What is diastole
Relaxation of the heart
How many times does the cardiac cycle occur per minute
7 times
Pressure of pulmonary and systemic circulation
Pulmonary - low pressure
Systemic - high pressure
Adaptations of the aorta
Thick muscular wall, elastic
What is compliance
The ability of a vessel to respond to an increase in pressure by distending or swelling
Purpose of valves
Prevent back flow of blood
What is cardiac output
The amount of blood pumped by each side of the heart in one minute
