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D3 - Core Facts > Argentina > Flashcards

Argentina Flashcards

1
Q

What is the climate of Argentina?

A

Continental

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2
Q

What is the Zonda?

A

A fierce and hot afternoon wind in Argentina that blows down from the mountains in late spring and early summer. Can adversely affect flowering

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3
Q

What are Argentina’s most planted white grapes?

A

Pedro Giménez

Torrontés

Chardonnay

Chenin Blanc

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4
Q

What are Argentina’s most planted red grapes?

A

Malbec

Bonarda

Cabernet Sauvignon

Syrah

Merlot

Tempranillo

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5
Q

What does Reserva mean in Argentina?

A

Minimum 6 months of aging for white wine

Minimum 1 year aging for red

Does NOT have to be oak!

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6
Q

What does Gran Reserva mean in Argentina?

A

Minimum 1 year of aging for white wine

Minimum 2 years aging for red

Does NOT have to be oak!

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7
Q

What is Center Region?

A

An indicacion geográfica in Argentina

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8
Q

What is Cuyo?

A

A large region – an indicacion geográfica – in Argentina that includes the provinces of Mendoza, San Juan and La Rioja

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9
Q

What is the northernmost wine-growing Province in Argentina?

A

Salta

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10
Q

What are the two southernmost provinces in Argentina?

A

Rio Negro

Neuquén

Both in Patagonia

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11
Q

What are the range of Argentina vineyard altitudes?

A

Salta - 2000m

Most vineyards - >600m

Rio Negro/Neuquén - <600m

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12
Q

What training systems are used in Argentina?

A

Pergola (due to heat), called Parral in Argentina

Still common for Torrontés

Black grapes are often vertically trellised

VSP used especially for high volume inexpensive wines

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13
Q

Water management Argentina

A

Irrigation common

Formerly flood, now drip

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14
Q

Weather risks Argentina and how addressed?

A

Spring frosts (occasionally)

Summer hail (regular hazard, especially Mendoza)

Netting and owning multiple vineyards are solutions used

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15
Q

Disease risk Argentina

A

Few rot and mildew problems due to dryness

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16
Q

Bonarda main growing areas

A

Mendoza

San Juan

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17
Q

Torrontés main growing areas

A

Salta

La Rioja

San Juan

Mendoza

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18
Q

Pedro Gimenez

A

1 planted white in Argentina

White variety in Argentina

Not same as PX

Used in cheap domestic wines

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19
Q

La Rioja Argentina

A

IG in Cuyo IG

3rd largest production area in Argentina

Most wines are labelled as Famatina

20
Q

Famatina Valley

A

Main vineyard area in La Rioja Argentina

Large volume production

Irrigation

21
Q

What is Mendoza?

A

A subregion indicacion geográfica in Cuyo IG

22
Q

Mendoza climate

A

Desert-like

Andes make rain shadow in West

Pampas prevent rain in East

23
Q

Is blending common in Mendoza?

A

Common

Due to different climates in the 5 main divisions

24
Q

What are the divisions in Mendoza?

A

Northern

Eastern

Central

Southern

Uco Valley (also an IG)

25
Q

Northern Mendoza wine styles - and why?

A

High-volume, inexpensive wine

Irrigation from Mendoza rivers makes high-volume possible

26
Q

Eastern Mendoza wine styles - and why?

A

High-volume, inexpensive wine

Irrigation from Mendoza rivers makes high-volume possible

27
Q

Luján de Cuyo wine styles - and why?

A

Department in Central Mendoza

Known for excellent Malbec

900-1100m

28
Q

Central Mendoza wine styles - and why?

A

Premium wine region

29
Q

Maipú - what, where, grapes & styles?

A

Department in Central Mendoza

East of Luján de Cuyo, and at lower altitude

CS, Syrah

Eastern, lower part makes high-volume, inexpensive wines, but also old vine Bonarda and Tempranillo

30
Q

Uco Valley - what, where, styles & elevation?

A

A division of Mendoza and a GI

Premium wine region

900-1500m (highest vineyards in Mendoza)

31
Q

What is Uco Valley climate?

A

Diurnal

32
Q

What is Tupungato and what wine does it produce?

A

Department in Uco Valley and a GI

Premium Pinot Noir

33
Q

What is San Rafael, where is it, what grape is it known for?

A

Department in Southern Mendoza, a GI and a DOC

Lower altitude than rest of Mendoza, but also south = one of the coldest areas in Mendoza

Chenin Blanc

34
Q

What is Argentina’s export situation?

A

Approximately 20% is exported, primarily to the US.
Wine makers should be paying attention to possible decline in popularity of Malbec (it’s already off its peak since 2000s.)

Domestic market is hugely important, but Argentinians are drinking less / drinking better.

35
Q

What is Patagonia?

A

A region in Argentina - also a GI

36
Q

Patagonia altitude

A

200-250m

Very low compared to rest of Argentina

37
Q

Patagonia challenges

A

Strong deserts winds are a challenge

38
Q

Patagonia disease challenges

A

Low

Low rainfall and wide diurnal range

39
Q

Patagonia key grapes

A

Sauvignon Blanc

Pinot Noir

Malbec

Merlot

40
Q

Highest vineyards in the world location

A

Salta

Some 3000m

41
Q

Dominant grape Salta

A

Torrontés (especially in Cafayate)

42
Q

Cafayate - what, where, and what grapes?

A

A GI in Salta

Torrontés

Malbec, CS

43
Q

What is the hectares under vine in Argentina? What matters most about growing grapes in Argentina?

A

200,000 ha under vine
Continental climate – irrigation essential
Latitude & altitude matter

44
Q

What do the different geographic designations mean in Argentina?

A

IP - Indication of Origin - only geographical

IG (or GI) - Geographical Indication – “meets a certain quality made from a geographical area considered capable of producing quality grapes.” -> Climate/soil not political boundaries

DOC - legislated wine-making criteria.
Only 2 - Lujan de Cuyo & San Rafael in Mendoze

45
Q

What areas in Argentina have calcareous soils (and hence make high quality wine)?

A

UCO VALLEY:
- Gualtallary district
- Paraje Altamira GI

SAN JUAN
Pedernal Valley GI

D3 - Core Facts (8 decks)

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