Arousal and Mental Skills

Question 1

what does a sports group include

Answer 1

interaction between group members, a collective identity and shared objective/common goals

Question 2

what is the Steiner’s model of group performance

Answer 2

Actual productivity = potential productivity - losses due to faulty processes

Question 3

what may cause lack of co ordination

Answer 3

bad timing, poor strategies, poor tactics, lack of communication and misunderstanding of roles and coach instructions

Question 4

define social loafing

Answer 4

is a loss of individual motivation due to lack of performance identification

Question 5

what causes social loafing/ motivational losses

Answer 5

others no trying, a belief that efforts wont change the results, low confidence, others may cover for you, low ability and lack of reinforcement

Question 6

what does arousal mean in sports

Answer 6

is an energised state of readiness to perform

Question 7

how can social loafing be prevented

Answer 7

statistics, highlighting individuals performance, give roles, set goals and peer group pressure

Question 8

what is the drive theory

Answer 8

initial motivation causes increase drive, more effort, more success and a repetition of the same response

Question 9

what is the relationship between arousal and performance

Answer 9

increased arousal improves performance but only to a moderate level after which more arousal causes performance to suffer

Question 10

what negative effects can low levels of arousal have

Answer 10

boredom, lack of interest, tiredness and poor performance

Question 11

what positive effects can low levels of arousal have

Answer 11

introverts and novices perform best and it helps with performing fine and complex skills better as they need control

Question 12

what negative effects can high levels of arousal have

Answer 12

anxiety, stress, uptightness and poor performance

Question 13

what positive effects can high levels of arousal have

Answer 13

extroverts and experts can tolerate the pressure and extra adrenaline and helps with performing gross and simple skills better as they need less control

Question 14

how do athletes use imagery to perform better

Answer 14

with practice and mental imagery they can learn the correct techniques and apply skills to new situations such as using slow motion and vivid images

Question 15

define choking

Answer 15

failure to perform near optimum levels when under intense pressure that can occur suddenly and can be hard to overcome

Question 16

how to deal with choking

Answer 16

learn relaxation techniques, use imagery, train as if you are at a crucial event, learn to block out crowds