Criminal Profiling and Lying Flashcards
(20 cards)
define criminal profiling
is a technique used to assist in the identification and apprehension of a likely criminal offender for a particular crime or series of crimes
what do profiler work out about the likely offender
how the offender came to be they way they are, predict what they are like right now and what can be done to catch them
what does the overall picture of a likely offender include
physiological and psychological characteristics and other info such as employment, social, economical and marital status
define offenders signature
is a pattern of distinctive behaviours that are characteristics of, and satisfy the offenders emotional and psychological needs
what is signature aspect in relation to an offenders signature
the emotional or psychological needs that the offender satisfies by committing an offence
what is signature behaviours in relation to an offenders signature
acts committed by the offender that are not necessary to complete the crime but which the offender must do to satisfy them self
define Behavioural Evidence Analysis (BEA)
they take into account all the physical evidence left at a crime scene, the offenders behaviour and the victims characteristics
what are the steps involved with the BEA
1.analyse all the equivocal evidence 2. analyse the victims characteristics 3. analyse the crime scene characteristics 4. develop a criminal profile and 5. the apprehension
define serial murderers
someone who has murdered on at least 3 occasions with a cooling off period in between
define mass murderers
someone who kills four or more victims in one location or incident
what is a visionary serial killer
driven to kill by voices/visions - may suffer from psychosis
what is a mission orientated serial killer
driven to kill in order to eliminate a certain sub-population
what is a hedonistic serial killer
driven to kill because of the pleasure they get from the act/ enhances their social/personal status
what is a power/control serial killer
driven to kill because of the pleasure they get from having complete control/dominance over the victim
why are people not good at detecting lies
because a pattern of responses to a lie that is true for all people simply does not exist
what are some expressive behaviours that may indicate that someone is lying
high-pitched voice, micro expressions, eye contact, head movements and head movements
what are the three components of emotion used to catch a liar
subjective experience - how we feel, physiological arousal - how our body reacts and expressive behaviour - what others can see about how we feel
what are polygraphs
lie detection that measures physiological responses such as blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate and galvanic skin response
what is the guilty knowledge test
a test that asks multiple choice questions in assumption that if a person has info about the crime they will conceal this when they recognise the right answer
what are some other lie detection methods
EEG - measures brain waves, fMRI - measures activity of frontal lobe and heat sensor camera - detects increase blood flow
