Arrhythmias and Dumps Flashcards by Robin Lemoine

Maintenance treatment of SPDs

Sotalol/Diltiazem

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What can you use to help bring down K levels in the blood?

Bicarb, glucose and Ca gluconate

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No PR changes before QRS dropped

2nd Degree AV block

Mobitz Type II

Worse prognosis, needs pacemaker

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An arrhythmia that has a normal P-R interval but then suddenly the QRS drops.

This one is going to need a pacemaker stat!

2nd degree AV block

Mobitz Type II

Normal P-R interval then drop of QRS

Bad prognosis

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Delay or failure of transmission at the AV node

AV Block

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Spontaneous ventricular depolarization at 60-180 bpm.

Asymptomatic but keep watching because ventricular tachycardia may be coming.

Accelerated idioventricular rhythm/ idioventricular tachycardia

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In an animal with an enlarged left atrium, what would the P waves look like?

Wide P waves

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QRS premature and NO P wave

Wide and Bizzare

Very Common in Vet Med: Boxers and Dobermans

Ventricular Premature Depolarizations

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P waves occur same time as T waves

Supraventricular Premature Depolarizations

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PR interval increases until QRS dropped

Second Degree AV Block

Mobitz Type I

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Failure of the SA node for 1 or more beats

If occurs for more than 6 seconds, signs occur

Sinus Arrest

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I am an arrhythmia and if you see me in cats I am NOT normal.

My R-R interval varies and I am caused by increased vagal tone or I can show up in eye or abdominal surgeries.

In other species you dont even have to treat me. Who am I?

Sinus Arrhythmia

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P for every QRS but R-R varies

Sinus Arrhythmia

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Sinus Arrest

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What is this?

60 Hz Interference

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Hyperkalemia

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Prolonged P-R interval

Caused by vagal tones and drugs(Digoxin)

1st Degree AV Block

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VPDs Triplets

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ER treatment of VPDs

Lidocaine

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No AV conduction, P waves and escape beats, Low heart rate.

3rd Degree AV Block

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Name 3 arrhytmias that have no P wave

Hyperkalemia

VPDs

Atrial Fibrillation

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I am an arrythmia that you might want to put a Holter monitor on.

I have normal QRS but then I get tired and do nothing for a few seconds.

If I keep being lazy you should probaly have someone else do the job. Mr. Pacemaker is good.

Sinus Arrest

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P waves change in height.

Varibale P-R interval

Clinically silent. Can only see in EKG.

Wandering Atrial Pacemaker

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Wandering Atrial Pacemaker

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Sinus Arrhytmia

Atrial Flutter Happens about ~1 day-1 week before Atrial Fibrillation

Variable P, Normal QRS seen in boxers with heart disease such as cardiomyopathy

SPD's

Boxer cardiomyopathy, Doberman w/ DCM, Aortic stenosis and Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy all cause _____ on a EKG.

VPDs

I can be diagnosed upon physical examination. I got No P waves and random R-R internals. Treated with Digoxin and Diltiazem I can be confused with 60 Hz Interference.

Atrial Fibrillation

No P waves Normal QRS R-R random

Atrial Fibrillation

\> 3 VPDs @ 160-180 bpm for 30 seconds

Ventricular Tachycardia

Increased heart rate \> 160-180/240 pbm Normal P QRS T

Sinus Tachycardia

T/F: Sinus arrhythmias are NOT normal in cats

TRUE

First Degreen AV Block

Abnormal sinus node and AV system. - sinus brady cardia, sinus arrest/ AV block and tachycardia

Sick Sinus Syndrome

Bigeminy

Name two arrthymias with a prolonged QRS

Hyperkalemia VPDs

Sinus Bradycardia

I am an arrhythmia that that when my P-R intervals start to increase my QRS goes away :( But my brother's P-R interval never changes it stays normal and then the QRS goes away.

2nd degree AV Block Mobitz Type I P-R Interval increase THEN drop of QRS

Ventricular Fibrillation

I am arrhythmia that can be caused by drugs and fibrosis and infection of the heart. My rhythm is nice and slow. To get rid of me you are going to have to remove the cause the maybe even put in a pacemaker. Who am I?

Sinus Bradycardia

I have can have random QRS complexes that occur at a slow pace. A pacemaker would fix me right up and increase the pets survival time over 6 months.

3rd degree AV Block

Emergency treatment for SPDs

Esmolol/ Diltiazem

My rhythm strip shows the **R on T phenomenon** caused by HCM. I have a really wide QRS with no P wave. 10% of heart beats are me :)

VPDs Very Common

In an animal with right atrial enlargement. What would the P waves look like?

Tall. Increase in amplitude

I cause an arrhythmia that can be prevented with Ca Gluconate. Renal failiure, ATE, and Addison's cause me. I move nice and slow(bradycardia). My T waves are tall and I have NO P waves. My QRS are wide. You can find me twitching but no cardiac output.

Hyperkalemia

I have an **irregular and disorganized** ventricular activity. **You can treat me with Shock, Epi and CPR.** You can also see the R on T thing.

**Ventricular Fibrillation**

Occurs after a pause/ delay with NO P wave

Ventricular Escape Beats

High heart rate, R on T, and too many

VPDs

If I have 300 bpm for 6-8 seconds and I look like this.... What Am I?

Venticular Tachycardia

Treatment of Sinus Bradycardia

1. Remove the cause 2. Do atropine or glycopyrrolate test: + vagal problems , - pacemaker

I am an arrythmia that goes away when you get the animal excited. I am caused by increased vagal tone and my P waves are variable in height and shape

Wandering Atrial Pacemaker

Arrhythmias with proloned QRS

Left Bundle Branch Block Right Bundle Branch Block VPD Ventricular Escape Beat

What is most likely to cause tachycardia?

Atrial Fibrillation

Dump: A 5 yo Irish wolfhound presents with decreased contractility, atrial fibrillation, and ventricular repsonse rate of 280 bpm. What drugs do you give?

Digoxin and Diliatizem

Dump: What is the best way to detect pulmonary edema from congestive heart failure?

Radiographs.

Dump: What can be arrhythmia can be diagnosed on the physical exam?

Atrial Fibrillation

Dump: T/F You can always hear crackles in the bronchi with pulmonary edema.

FALSE

Dump: Which congenital heart disease has continuous/machinary murmurs?

PDA

Dump: What would be the inital treatment for a dog with MILD heart failure due to DCM?

Furosemide and Pimobendan Because you want to be able to treat at home b/c its mild. Oxygen added when it gets severe.

Dump: Prune, a 9yo King Charles Spaniel, come in with a cough and a grade III/V murmur over mitral valve. The owner can only afford 2 tests. What should they be?

Echocardiogram(ULS) and Radiographs Radiographs to see the ruptured chords and enlarged left atrium.

Dump: Dyspnea and hind limb paralysis are signs for which cardiomyopathy?

HCM in cats

Dump: Is it true that HCM can remain subclinical for years?

YES it is true.

Dump: What is used to diagnose the severity of an aortic stenosis?

Doppler

Dump: In which cardio disease can an enlarged left atria exaggerate the cough caused by chronic airway disease?

Endocardiosis

Dump: What is the standard treatment for endocardiosis?

Ace inhibitor, Pimobenden and Lasix

Dump: What arrhythmia can DCM in Dobermans cause?

VPDs

Volume overload is caused by what kind of hypertrophy?

Eccentric

Dump: HCM causes what kind of hypertrophy?

Concentric Hypertrophy Increased cells, reduced chamber size= regurg

Dump: What kind of hypertrophy would we see in Myxomatous disease?

Eccentric Volume overload

Dump: Dyspnea, cough, tachycardia, weak pulse, weakness and syncope are all signs of what kind of CHF?

Left sided CHF

Dump: What is the best/most likely treatment of Grade III Av Block?

Pacemaker Because it is a complete block.

Dump: You treated a 9yo SF Toy Poodle for left sided congestive heart failure due to myxomatous valve disease and then sent her home. A week later it experiences weakness and starts vomiting. You do a blood panel and the BUN and CREA were increased. What do you do?

Decrease the furosemide dose because no filtrate going through the kidneys

Dump: What is the best way to diagnose a HCM?

Echocardiogram

Dump: ARVC in boxers is best treated with what?

Sotalol B-blockers treat arrhythmias.

Tell me the truth... is it harder to detect heart worms in cats?

Yup

An owner forget to give his dog prevention for 3 months. What advice could you give the owner?

Begin giving preventive and rely on the "reach back effect

Which prophalixis treatments kill all L3 and L4 for up to 1 month?

Ivermectin, Selemectin and Milbemycin

Treatment for cardiac tamponade

Immediate pericardiocentesis

Ataxia

the loss of full control of bodily movements

What should you not do in the treatment of thoracolumbar injury?

Do not give prednisolone, do cage rest

T/F Flexor withdrawl cannot occur without conscious brain perception.

TRUE

What can exacerbate intervertebral disk disease?

Exercise / Trauma

Which of the following will you NOT see with a C6-T2 lesions? LMN bladder Horners Syndrome Absent paniculus LMN front limbs

You will not see a LMN bladder you will see an UMN bladder

German Sheapard Bright and alert, tetraplegia, hypotonia, normal crain nerves, superficial and deep pain present.

Wobblers disease

Increased extensor tone(UMN), head tilt, circling and falling to right side, CP and CN deficits on the left side. Right cerebral tumor Left cerebral tumor Right brain stem tumor Left brain stem tumor

Left cerebral tumor

Cross extensor is caused by LMN or UMN ?

UMN

Dog comes in dragging his back legs. Paraplegia, hypotonicity, and superficia pain is absent. Where is the lesion.

Caudal to L3 LMN pelvic limbs

A dog present with vestibular signs, CP deficits all on the **same side**. Where is the lesion.

The lesion is on the same side as the signs in the **brainstem**

5 year old German Shepard Difficulty risingm avoiding **stairs**, pain over lumbosacral area, mild parapersis, **patellar relex exaggerated, poor flexion of hock and stifle,** reduced crainial tibial and perineal refelxes. Reduced superficial pain in hind lumbs. Where is the lesion?

L7/SI

Masticatory Myostitis will respond well to what kind of therapy?

Steroids

Is fibrocartigenous emboli painful or not?

NOT painful

Arrhythmias and Dumps Flashcards

(92 cards)